150 MORPHOLOGY, ETC., VASC. PLANTS [Bot. Absts., Vol. IV, 



980. Bailey, Irving W. Structure, development, and distribution of so-called rim or 

 bars of Sanio. Bot. Gaz. 67: 449-468. 3 pi. June, 1918. — Bandlike thickenings of the middle 

 lamella and scalariform primary pit areas are characteristic of tracheids which have scalari- 

 form bordered pits, and are widely distributed among pteridophytes, gymnosperms and 

 angiosperms. The middle lamella frequently retains its typical scalariform structure after 

 the secondary wall has lost it. In the gymnosperms, as well as in the pteridophytes and angio- 

 sperms, there appear to be transitions between primary membranes of this type and others 

 in which the scalariform structure is profoundly modified. There is much evidence suggesting 

 that the types of unconformity and peculiar bandlike thickenings of the middle lamella are 

 concomitants of processes of modification or reduction in tracheary pitting. — I. W. Bailey. 



9S1. Baumgartel, Otto. Studien iiber Pneumatocarpien. [Studies on inflated fruits.] 

 Sitzungsber. K. Akad. Wiss. Wien (Math.-Nat. Kl.) 126: 13-40. PI. 1, fig. 1-4. 1917— See 

 Bot. Absts. 4, Entry 1526. 



982. Baumgartel, Otto. Die Anatomie der Gattung Arthrocnemum Moqu. [The anat- 

 omy of the genus Arthrocnemum Moqu.] Sitzungsber. K. Akad. Wiss. Wien (Math.-Naturw. 

 Kl. 126: 41-74. Fig. 1-14- 1917. — An anatomical study was made of Arthrocnemum, a genus 

 of the Chenopodiaceae near Salicornia, to determine whether these two genera possess any 

 anatomical variations of a fundamental nature which might serve as generic characters. Pre- 

 served and dried materials were used. Studies were made of sections from tips of mature and 

 developing roots, shoots, and seedlings. Cultures were grown in order to determine the effect 

 of external conditions upon the anatomical and morphological characteristics. Details of 

 the anatomical findings are given. The author concludes that because of the ease with which 

 these species adapt themselves to changes in environment these succulent Salicorniae must 

 be a relatively recent group and not relics of older Chenopodiaceae as Volker has suggested. 

 — W. C. Muenscher. 



983. Beck, V. Mannaqbtta, axd G. Lerchenau. Wacholderbeeren mit entbloszten 

 Samen. [Juniper berries with exposed seeds.] Sitsungsber. K. Akad. Wiss. Wien (Math.- 

 Nat. Kl.) 126: 403-419. Fig. 1-81. 1917. — In a study of living and herbarium specimens of 

 a large number of species, it was found that some individuals of most species of Juniperus 

 produce some fruits with exposed seeds. Exposed seeds rarely occur in normal fruits. The 

 cause for exposed sseeds seems to be unequal growth in the seeds and enveloping fleshy scales, 

 resulting in the piercing of the fleshy scales by the seeds in the Sabina section; or in the failure 

 of the scales to grow completely over the seeds or in breaking apart of the scales in the Oxy- 

 cedrus section. The authors give a review of the literature relating to this subject. — W. C. 

 Muenscher. 



984. Chrysler, M. A. The living cycads. [Rev. of: Chamberlain, C. J. The living 

 cycads. Univ. Chicago Sci. Ser. 172 p., 91 fig. Univ. Chicago Press: Chicago, 1919 (See Bot. 

 Absts. 2, Entry 751 ; 3, Entry 142).] Bot. Gaz. 67: 512-513. 1919— The reviewer states that 

 this book is written by the one best fitted for the task. The content is highly commended, 

 particular satisfaction being expressed with the graphic style"and the photographic illustra- 

 tions. — //. C. Cowles. 



985. Coulter, J. M. Apogamy in Nephrodium. [Rev. of: Steil, W. N. A study of apog- 

 amy in Nephrodium hirtipes. Ann. Botany 33: 109-132. 8 pi. 1919. (See Bot. Absts. 2, 

 Entry 738.)] Bot. Gaz. 67: 519. 1919. 



986. Feenstra-Sluiter, C. Waarnemingen en Beschouwingen over Bloei, Bevruchting 

 en Zaadvorming bij Cinchona Ledgeriana Moens. [Observations and considerations concern- 

 ing flower, frutification, and seed formation in Cinchona ledgeriana Moens.] Mededeel. Kina 

 Proefstat. Dept. Landb., Nijverheid en Handel. [Tjinjiroean, Java] 6: 1-35. 4 pi, fig. ISO. 

 1919.— The present study was undertaken as a basis for selection and breeding work on Cin- 

 chona. The detailed morphology of the dimorphic flowers, their pollination and fertilization 



