220 PHYSIOLOGY [Bot. Absts., Vol. IV, 



1-157. Ikeguchi, T. A new sterol. Jour. Biol. Chem. 40: 175-182. 1919. — A new sterol 

 has been isolated from Hydnurn an par turn, Lycoperdon gemmatum, and other species of fungi. 

 It is regarded as probably occurring throughout all species of fungi, hence is named myco- 

 sterol. — G. B. Rigg. 



1458. Lewis, H. B. The antiscorbutic value of the banana. Jour. Biol. Chem. 40: 91-101. 

 1919. — Experiments suggest that a lower content of the antiscorbutic principle (bananas were 

 used) may be sufficient to protect against scurvy if the diet is adequate in its content of the 

 other essential dietary constituents. Guinea-pigs died when fed on bananas only. — G. B. 

 Rigg. 



1459. McClendon, J. F., and Wyma.v C. C. Cole. The antiscorbutic properties of green 

 malt. Amer. Jour. Physiol. 49: 145-146. 1919. — "Malt had little antiscorbutic power before 

 the acrospire projected beyond the grain, but had marked antiscorbutic power when the acro- 

 spire projected to a distance equal to the length of the grain." — Author's summary. 



1460. McClendon, J. F., W. C. C. Cole, O. Enostrand, and J. E. Middlekaufp. The 

 effects of malt and malt extracts on scurvy and the alkaline reserve of the blood. Jour. Biol. 

 Chem. 40: 243-258. Fig. 1-8. 1919. — Sprouted cereal grains are rich in antiscorbutic sub- 

 stance. The substance is not destroyed by heating to 70° to gelatinize the starch. It may be 

 extracted from sprouted barley which has been crushed fine enough to rupture the cells of the 

 acrospire. — G. B. Rigg. 



1461. Mellanby, John. The composition of starch. Part I. Precipitation by colloidal 

 iron. Part II. Precipitation by iodine and electrolytes. Biochem. Jour. 13: 28-36. 1919. — 

 The author separates starch into three fractions by means of precipitation with colloidal iron. 

 These three fractions, "a," "b," and "c," form respectively, 8, 9, and 11 per cent of the starch 

 granulose, "a" being precipitated by colloidal iron only, "b" by colloidal iron and electro- 

 lytes, and "c" not precipitated by colloidal iron under any conditions. — Precipitation by 

 iodine and electrolytes shows (1), that starch contains an insoluble constituent not reacting 

 with iodine (amylo-cellulose), (2) that all soluble constituents of starch are precipitated by 

 iodine in the presence of electrolytes, and (3) that the final fraction precipitated by iodine gives 

 the brown color. — Results tend to show that starch contains a variety of polymers varying in 

 complexity from amylodextrin to amylocellulose, the bulk of the granule being made up of 

 amylogranulose. — A. R. Davis. 



1462. Molliard, Marin. L'ovalbumine constitue un aliment complet pour ITsaria densa. 

 [Utilization of egg albumen by Isaria densa.] Compt. Rend. Acad. Sci. Paris 168: 523-524. 

 1919. — Isaria densa is capable of satisfying all its nutritive requirements on egg albumen. 

 The commercial powder was dissolved in water and coagulated slowly, a mass of fine flakes 

 resulting. This material, after being washed several times, served directly as the medium. 

 Digestion of the albumen is more rapid when it is used alone than when sugar is added. The 

 rate of oxidation was compared on three media: (1) albumen alone; (2) albumen plus Rau- 

 lin's solution, and (3) the latter plus 2 per cent sucrose. Cultures were grown in sealed flasks 

 provided with manometers. The respiratory quotient on albumen alone was 0.55; on medium 

 no. 2 it was 0.63, and on no. 3 it was 0.82. — Oxalic acid is formed abundantly in the cultures. 

 The rapid oxidation of the albumen is to be interpreted in the light of the small respiratory 

 quotient and the formation of oxalic acid. — F. B. Wann. 



1463. Nakayama, Y. Observations on streptolysin. Jour. Infect. Diseases 25: 509-510. 

 1919. — Streptococci produce hemolysin successfully in plain broth with equal or larger quan- 

 tities of serum. The hemolysin is filterable, although it loses somewhat in strength on filtra- 

 tion. With the increase of the virulence of streptococci, on successive animal passage, the 

 production of hemolysin is increased, particularly in its action upon the corpuscles of the 

 specific animal through which it has been passed. — Sebnan A. Waksrnan. 



