No. 1, July, 1920] SOIL SCIENCE 253 



plateau in north central West Virginia. Upland areas predominate with elevatioi . ing 



from 1000 to 3000 feet. Tin- area drains westward and southward into the Ohio system. — 

 Railroad facilities are well supplied and the public roads are good despite the rough topog- 

 raphy. Small towns and mining camps furnish an opportunity for the Local sale of prod 



while Baltimore and Pittsburgh are the principal large markets. — The climate is lie.ali.hful 

 and well suited to stock raising and general farming. The mean winter temperature at Phil- 

 lip])! in central Barbour County is 32" 1'. while the summer mean is 70°F. A rainfall of abi 

 48 inches is distributed through the year and proves ample during the growing season. — O 

 93 per cent of the soils are residual from the alternating beds of shale, sandstone and lh 

 stone of the Carboniferous. Of these soils the Dekalb is by far the most prominent although 

 not the most productive. A large percentage of it is either too steep or too stony for cultiva- 

 tion. All of the residual soils need lime. A little over 6 per cent of the area is alluvial and 

 where well drained is very productive. Unclassified rough stony land makes up 8 per cenl 

 of the counties. — The population of the area in 1910 was 32,4S7, the northwest corner of Upshur 

 County being the most thickly settled. Most of the inhabitants of both counties are engaged 

 in agriculture although mining and lumbering receive much attention. The principal crops 

 are hay, corn, wheat, buckwheat and oats. Great areas of hay land and permanent pasture 

 occur. The hay and corn are used largely to feed the horses, hogs and cattle, the sale of 

 the last two being a main source of revenue. Apples, peaches and small fruits are grown on 

 almost every farm but seldom commercially. — //. 0. Buckman. 



1678. Maxsox, E. T., and J. H. Bromley. Soil survey of Saratoga County, New York. 

 Advance sheets — field operations Bur. Soils, U. S. Dept. Agric. 1917: 5-42. Fig. 1, and map 

 (colored). 1919. — Saratoga County lies in eastern New York and occupies the angle formed by 

 the juncture of the Mohawk River with the Hudson. Its topography is varied, ranging from 

 the smooth outwash plains and glacial lake beds of the eastern part to the rough stony spurs 

 of the Adirondacks of the west and north. Most of the agricultural land lies in the former 

 portion, ranging from 200 to 1000 feet in elevation. — Much of the area has good railroad service. 

 Telephone and rural mail delivery extends to every part of the county, while state roads espe- 

 cially in the eastern and southern part facilitate traffic. The local markets are especially 

 good. Troy, Albany, New York and Boston are the leading outside shipping points. — The 

 winters are long and severe with heavy snowfall. The summers are mild and brief. The 

 growing season is 141 days. The precipitation is about 40 inches evenly distributed through- 

 out the year. — Not over 75 per cent of the county is in farms. The main occupation is dairy- 

 ing and general farming. Corn, oats, hay, rye and potatoes are the principal crops. Milk 

 and butter are shipped to outside markets. Vegetables and fruits are grown for local consump- 

 tion. The natural vegetation of the county is varied and interesting. — The soils are largely 

 of glacial origin, 45 per cent of the county being covered with till (Gloucester and Dutchess 

 series). Only the latter is of agricultural value and its area is small. Outwash and terrace 

 soils (Hinkley and Merrimac series) occur over one-third of the area. These soils are sandy 

 and gravelly. They support general and special crops. The heavy glacial like soils (Ver- 

 gennes series) occur in small extent and are utilized for hay and grain. Poorly drained alluvial 

 soils are found along most of the stream. Small areas of muck occur, the largest being near 

 Saratoga Springs. None of the areas are under cultivation. — H. O. Buckman. 



1679. Mooney, C. N., E. T. Maxsox, R. J. Morgan, and J. H. Bromlet. Soil survey 

 of Oswego County, New York. Advance sheets — field operations Bur. Soils, U. S. Dept. Agric. 

 1917: 5-43. Fig. 1 and map (colored). 1919. — Oswego County lies in the north central part 

 of New Y'ork State at the eastern end of Lake Ontario into which it drains. It covers 94S 

 square miles with a topography ranging from rolling to hilly. — Its climate is variable with 

 long snowy winters and short pleasant summers during which few days rise above 95°F. The 

 growing season covers about 190 days. — The soils of the county are largely glacial till (56 per 

 cent) of the Worth and Ontario series. Both are calcareous, the latter being especially so. 

 The Worth stony loam and the Ontario loam predominate. They are both adapted to hay, 

 silage corn, oats, beans and fruit. The stonier phase of the former supports prosperous dairy- 



