149 



Fig. 6, Sliows the embryo still more advanced, the lower lip 

 in front. 



Fig. 7, The same, (a side view,) as seen in water against the 

 light, showing the spur (or radicle) of the plantule pro- 

 jecting into the lower lip of the cotyledon. 



Fig. 8, The same still more advanced, when the spur is 

 about to burst through the lower lip. 



Fig. 9, Shows the spur after it has perforated the lower lip. 

 It is now become the root, having a sheath at its ex- 

 tremity. 



Fig. 10, Shows the innovation just shooting forth. 



Fig. 11, An innovation with its spur or radicle growing at 

 the side of the primary plant, which in this instance was 

 bent sideways. 



Fig. 12, The primary plant, wdth the innovation shooting 

 forth its root. 



Fig. 13, Another view of the same. At this stage the coty- 

 ledon is undecayed, and the coats of the seed still closely 

 retain the lower portion of the cotyledon or embryo. 



Fig. 14, The scutellum or upper portion of the inner coat of 

 the seed, removed from the lower lip of the cotyledon. 

 It is formed, like the remaining portion of the inner coat, 

 of three distinct skins: the innermost, (or lowest, a,) 

 reticulated and colourless: the middle one, (6,) of a 

 reddish brown colour and firmer texture, not reticulated : 

 the outer, (or upper one, c,) pellucid and somewhat 

 radiated. They differ in size considerably, the inner or 

 lower one being largest, and the middle one the smallest 

 of the three, and invariably circular ; the two others have 

 their edges sometimes irregularly torn. In the figure the 

 inner membrane is shown almost separated from the two 

 others ; they are, however, connected at the centre. 

 Fig. 15, The two upper coats, or skins of the scutellum, 



detached from the lowest one. 

 Fig. 16, The inner or lower coat of the scutellum, showing 

 its reticulated structure. 



