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maritimimi, with various appearances o^ Pulmonaria maritima 

 (Willd.), being probably different species, the P. parviflora 

 (Pnrsh), Cochlearia officinalis, and Arnica maritima, which, 

 though here very luxuriant and branched, in more northern 

 situations is only one-flowered. To this list we may add 

 Potentilla anserina. The sea along the coast and in the creeks 

 is rich in AlgcB ; while the Fucus escidentus (the Sea Kale of 

 the Russian inhabitants) is particularly observable among 

 many gigantic species of the genus. 



At Unalaschka, the Mosses and Lichens begin to assume 

 that predominant station which they hold in all the very cold 

 districts. 



We took but a cursory view of the islands St. George and 

 St. Paul, situated in nearly the same latitude as Riga. It is 

 extraordinary how much more frigid does Nature here show 

 herself than at Unalaschka. No sheltered vallies, no pro- 

 tected spots favour the vegetation of the plants of milder 

 climes ; but a perfectly alpine growth prevails, both on the 

 hills and the beach. The high sunmiits of the desolate rocks 

 are covered with pale and black Lichens, while those places 

 which are irrigated with melted snow afford only Sphagnum, 

 a few other Mosses, and some Carices. There are no springs 

 in the soil. The various arctic plants choose, according 

 to their nature, the rocky or the moory spots; and none 

 elevate themselves above the ground, to which they seem 

 closely pressed. A Lupine at the island St. George, and an 

 Achillcea at St. Paul, remind the observer of the productions 

 of Unalaschka; but there are also several species which 

 are not even seen in the highest parts of the latter island, 

 such as Ranunculus Pallasii and Gmelini, an Androsace, and a 

 Claytonia. We found only one plant peculiar to these 

 islands, a Cochlearia ? which is plentiful and characteristic. 



The alpine or arctic Flora which here (at St. Lawrence) 

 adorns the foot of the mountains, does not appear to entwine 

 their brows ; for when these are entirely free from snow, and 

 the water produced by the melted snow irrigates some brilliant 

 plants, the dry ridges and declivities of the masses of fallen 

 rocks are only scantily attired with gray and black Lic/iens. 



