48U TwUNTY-EiciiTii Annual Rki'or'i' 



This capacity is sufficient to handle the entire day's picking in one 

 or two heats. The bottom coil of steam pipe has eight laps with 

 three trays above it; the other coils have six laps with two trays 

 between each coil. With 10 to 15 pounds steam pressure, 2V2 to 4 

 hours is sufficient to pasteurize the dates well, the time and pressure 

 depending on the size of the dates and their moisture content. 

 Very moist dates require open ventilators to carry off the excessive 

 moisture, and consequently higher steam pressure to maintain the 

 chamber at pasteurizing temperature, 65 to 70 deg. C. The pas- 

 teurizer serves very well as a drier for culls, and dates that were 

 too sour for use when dried at ordinary temperature, made fairly 

 good drv packing dates when dried rapidly in the pasteurizer. 



The heating system is closed and the boiler placed in a pit 

 below the level of the pasteurizer for drainage. The supply and 

 return pipes are separate, each coil being connected independently 

 so that as many coils as desired may be turned on. The steam is 

 supplied by a three-horse-power dairyman's boiler fitted with m 

 oil burner, using distillate. With the closed system only a few 

 quarts of water need be pumped into the boiler at the beginning of 

 operations each day to replace what is lost through the air valves. 

 After the burner has been adjusted to maintain the desired pressure 

 the apparatus requires little more attention than the steam heating 

 system in a residence. The boiler is about as small as can be used 

 conveniently, but by adjusting the burner properly the desired 

 pressure may be held quite economically ; and one is relieved of 

 the fear that the water will get too low. This size boiler would 

 easily supply twice the present pasteurizer capacity, and with con- 

 stant supervision would do much more. 



A carbon dioxide ripener of greater capacity than the one in 

 use heretofore has also been added to the equipment. This was 

 made by cutting a large opening in the head of a new galvanized 

 iron oil barrel so as to leave a flange of XVi inches and bolting" 

 and soldering the iron ring from the head of a No. 3 ;\cme churn 

 to this -flange. About six feet of heavy rubber garden hose with 

 convenient couplings and fittings serve to connect the three-quarter 

 inch opening in the bottom of the oil barrel with the gas cylinder. 

 The barrel may be mounted on trunnions to facilitate removing the^ 

 dates after the carbon dioxide treatment. \. £. \'inson', 



Biochemist. 



C. X. C.\TLIN. 



.■Issistanf Chctnist. 



