40 Manufacture of Malleable Iron without Fuel. [Jan., 



calculations, I only estimate one quart of water to the hill, allowing 

 sixteen liills ^ square rod, which will make 2,560 hills to the acre, 

 and this, at one quart ^ hill, will make 640 gallons of water, which 

 will make 110 gallons of molasses. Valued at 75c. ^ gallon, it 

 would amount to $82,50 ^ acre, and I do not hesitate in saying that 

 the amounts may be doubled. I would urge upon the farmers of 

 the "Western country to try it. You will not only save, but make 

 money by the operation. I am well convinced that in 1860 the 

 Southern planter will have no sale for his sugar in the State of Illi- 

 nois. From present indications there will be 100 acres raised in 

 Wabash county next year, which will save the county SlO,000. The 

 time to commence working the cane is when the seeds have changed 

 from green to a dark red hue, although it will remain good until 

 fairly matured. 



Should any person wish to make the experiment, I have some seed 

 to spare — one quart will plant an acre. J. M. Grom. 



McCleary's Bluff, Wahash County, III. 



Art. XII.— manufacture OF MALLEABLE IRON 



WITHOUT FUEL. 



At the meeting of the British Association for the Advancement of 

 Science, held in Cheltenham, England, last month, Bessemer, of 

 London, read a paper on a new method of making malleable iron 

 from pig iron, which deserves the attention of our iron manufactu- 

 rers, as the process is very original, is stated to be perfectly success- 

 ful, and destined to revolutionize the processes of manufacturing 

 malleable iron and steel. 



The following is the substance of his paper : 



" For the last two years his attention had been almost exclusively 

 devoted to the manufacture of malleable iron and steel, with but lit- 

 tle progress, until within the last nine months. The idea occurred 

 to him that if molten pig iron at a glowing heat was run into a cham- 

 ber, and a blast driven through it, that the five per cent, of carbon 

 in it would unite with the oxygen of the blast, producing intense 

 combustion, because carbon can not exist at a white heat in contact 



