ipip 



those obtained in pruning in winter. 

 Pruning has been done in all seasons in 

 varied amounts and of various kinds 

 with equally varying results. Perhaps 

 the tree is in a difTerent condition at 

 the time of summer pruning than it is 

 during its dormant period. By summer 

 the rush of sap, rich in moisture and 

 mineral food, is largely ceasing for the 

 year and we are not only removing 

 wood, but also leaves which are the 

 manufacturing or synthesizing agent in 

 the plant. It is very popular to believe 

 that the reduction in vegetative growth 

 means an increase in fruitfulness. The 

 removal of a certain amount of wood of 

 the tree during the summer pruning 

 will force the tree from a vegetative 

 growth to a productive growth. Unfor- 

 tunately a decrease in vegetative growth 

 often means an actual decrease in 

 fruitfulness. I noticed a Rome Beauty 

 orchard this summer that had been 

 very severely summer pruned. The 

 trees presented a very grotesque ap- 

 pearance owing to the fact that the 

 foliage on the Rome Beauty is often 

 very sparse and the short, stubby 

 growths and lack of foliage and the 

 unusual exposure of the fruit, gave the 

 trees an appearance far from natural. 

 It will be safe to predict that this 

 orchard will not bear much for a num- 

 ber of years. The grower has removed 

 so many of the leaves and so much of 

 his stored food that is necessary for 

 fruit formation that he has not only 

 lost the stored food but has removed 

 the means of getting new fruit in the 

 near future. Such a summer pruning 

 is simply devitalizing, dwarfing and in- 

 jurious to the trees. Mr. Magness of the 

 Oregon Station has shown the impor- 

 tant role which leaves play in some 

 extensive defoliating experiments which 

 he carried on. His conclusions are 

 worth repeating at this time. 



"1. Fruit-bud initiation will not take 

 place, and fruit buds will not form in 

 most varieties in the absence of a fair 

 amount of leaf area in the tree. 



"2. Leaf area in one part of the tree 

 will usually not supply food material 

 to the buds in another part to the ex- 

 tent necessary to cause them to become 

 fruit buds. Defoliating one-half of a 

 tree has little influence upon the unde- 

 foliated portion, but that part which is 

 defoliated functions as it would if all 

 the leaves had been removed from the 

 whole tree. 



"3. Food material stored in the tree 

 through the dormant season is appar- 

 ently stored largely in the tissue ad- 

 jacent to the leaves in which it was 

 manufactured. This is shown by the 

 fact that the defoliated portion of a tree 

 does not develop as strongly and well 

 during the spring following the treat- 

 ment, as does the undefoliated portion. 

 "4. Removing the same number of 

 leaves, without any pruning, has practi- 

 cally the same effect upon the fruit-bud 

 formation for the immediate year fol- 

 lowing that a summer pruning, remov- 

 ing leaves from the same position 

 would have. 



"5. Buds on one-year wood, in areas 

 from which the leaves have been re- 

 moved, are slower in starting out into 



BETTER FRUIT 



Page 2g 



Copyright 1919 



by 

 R. J. Reynolds 

 Tobacco Co. 



Get going right 

 with a jimmy pipe! 



You'll have a streak of smokeluck 

 that'll put a lot of happiness in your 

 life if you'll start in with a jimmy 

 pipe or makin's cigarettes and some 

 Prince Albert tobacco. 



You never will get real top notch 

 smoke enjoyment until you can call a 

 pipe your pal,^/ien,to get pipe pleasure 

 at its best you land square on that two- 

 fisted-man-tobacco, Prince Albert ! 

 Quality makes Prince Albert so 

 different, so appealing all along the smoke line. Men who 

 never before could smoke a pipe and men who've smoked 

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 meets the universal taste. That's why it's the national 

 joy smoke ! And, it can't bite or parch. Both are cut out 

 by our exclusive patented process ! 



Right now it's time to turn over a new leaf. You take a tip 

 and get out your old jimmy pipe or the papers and land on 

 some P. A. for what ails your particular smokeappetite ! 



You buy Prince Albert everywhere tobacco is sold. Toppy red bags, 

 tidy red tins, handsome pound and half-pound tin humidors — and 

 — that classy, practical pound crystal glass humidor with sponge 

 moistener top that keep* the tobacco in such perfect condition. 



R. J. Reynolds Tobacco Company, Winston-Salem, N. C. 



Richey& Gilbert Co. 



H.M.GILBERT. President and Manager 

 Grower! and Shippers of 



Yakima Valley Fruits 

 and Produce 



SPeOALTTES: 



AfflM, PMchet, Pear* and Cantaleupas 



TOPPENISH, WASHINGTON 



The Old Reliable 



BELL & CO. 



Incorporatad 



WHOLESALE 



Fruits and Produce 



112-114 Front Street 

 PORTLAND. OREGON 



VHEN WRITING ADVERTISERS MENTION BETTER FRUIT 



