Page 6 



BETTER FRUIT 



September 



amount is forwarded to the borrower 

 through the loan association. 



Conditions Under Wliich Loans May Be 



Obtained From Federal 



Land Banks 



The act specifically defines the pur- 

 poses for which loans may be obtained. 

 These are: "(a) To provide for the 

 purchase of land for agricultural uses, 

 (b) To provide for the purchase of 

 equipment, fertilizers and live stock 

 necessary for- the proper and reason- 

 able operation of the mortgaged farm; 

 the term 'equipment' to be defined by 

 the Federal Farm Loan Board, (c) To 

 provide buildings and for the improve- 

 ment of farm lands; the term 'improve- 

 ment' to be defined by the Federal 

 Farm Loan Board, (d) To liquidate 

 indebtedness of the owner of the land 

 mortgaged, existing at the time of the 

 organization of the first national farm- 

 loan association established in or for 

 the county in which the land mort- 

 gaged is situated, or indebtedness sub- 

 sequently incurred for one of the pur- 

 poses mentioned in this section." 



Loans may be made only on first 

 mortgages on farm land. Only those 

 who own and cultivate farm lands or 

 are about to own and cultivate such 

 land are entitled to bonow. No one 

 can borrow save for the purposes stated 

 in the act and those who after borrow- 

 ing do not use the money for the pur- 

 poses specified in the mortgage are 

 liable to have their loans reduced or 

 recalled. The secretary-treasurer of 

 each association is required to report 

 any diversion of borrowed money from 

 the purposes stated in the mortgages. 

 No individual can borrow more than 

 .$10,000 or less than .flOO. No loan may 

 be made for more than .")0 per cent of 

 the value of the land mortgaged and 

 20 per cent of the value of the perma- 

 nent insured improvements upon it. 

 The loan must run for not less than 

 five and not more than forty years. 

 Every mortgage must provide for the 



repayment of the loan under an amor- 

 tization plan by means of a fixed num- 

 ber of annual or semi-annual install- 

 ments sufficient to meet all interest and 

 pay off the debt by the end of the 

 term of the loan. The installments re- 

 quired will be those published in 

 amortization tables to be prepared by 

 the Farm Loan Board. The bank is 

 given power to protect itself in case of 

 default by recalling the loan in whole 

 or in part or taking other necessary 

 action. 



The Interest Rate Paid by the Borrower 



No Federal land bank is permitted 

 to charge more than 6 per cent per 

 annum on its farm-mortgage loans, and 

 in no case shall the interest charged 

 on farm mortgages exceed by more 

 than one per cent the rate paid on the 

 last issue of bonds. For example, if 

 the bank pays only A per cent on an 

 issue of bonds, it cannot charge more 

 than 5 per cent for the next farm loans 

 it makes. Out of this margin of not 

 to exceed 1 per cent, together with 

 such amounts as it can earn on its 

 paid-in cash capital, the bank must set 

 aside certain reserves and meet all its 

 expenses. .\ny balance or net profits 

 can be distributed as dividends to the 

 loan associations or other stockholders. 

 The loan associations, from their bank 

 dividends, after setting aside the re- 

 quired reserves and meeting expenses, 

 can declare association dividends to 

 their members. In this way the profits, 

 if any, will be distributed among the 

 borrowers and will, to that extent, re- 

 duce the amount of interest actually 

 paid by them. 

 Restriction on Fees and Commissions 



The Federal land banks are specifi- 

 cally prohibited from charging in con- 

 nection with making a loan any fees or 

 commissions which are not authorized 

 by the Farm Loan Board. The author- 

 ized fees need not be paid in advance 

 but may be made part of the loan. 

 Conlimied in next issue 



All About An Apple 



By Dr. Benjafield, Hobart, Tasmania 



AS both food and medicine an apple 

 is a wonderful example. Professor 

 McAlpine gives us this digram, of which 

 the following is an explanation in pure 

 English: Suppose this apple to be the 

 size of a large breakfast cup and into 

 this cup you put nearly half a pint of 

 water and stir into it: of concentrated 

 food like that contained in an egg, half 

 a teaspoonful; of fatty stuff like butter, 

 a little less than half a teaspoonful; of 

 sugar, both cane and grape sugar, two 

 tablespoonfuls; of mineral matter, as 

 much as will lie on a sixpence; of acids, 

 a little more than half a teaspoonful; 

 of skin and core, a little more than two- 

 thirds of a teaspoonful. 



From a medical point of view we 

 look upon each of these elements as 

 follows: The food or protein is pure 

 and strengthening and exists in the 

 apple combined with sugars and acids, 

 and when taken it enters rapidly into 

 the muscles, where it is readily broken 



up, imiiarting heat and strength, so that 

 the athlete, under great exertion, soon 

 gets the stinndus. 



The fatty matters are so beautifully 

 combined with acids that even the most 

 delicate child does not recognize that 

 he is taking fat when he is eating an 

 apple. 



The sugars or carbohydrates form the 

 most attractive element, as they are the 

 most nourishing part of the fruit. 

 And these sugars are just crystallized 

 sunshine and are far more digestible 

 than any ordinary sugar. The child, 

 from babyhood, just loves it and it is 

 excellent food for him. In the adult, 

 especially in advanced age, ordinary 

 chemically-prepared sugar when taken 

 freely produces rheumatism, gout and 

 such like diseases, but these sugars 

 never set up any of these troubles; 

 indeed gouty people get relief fiom 

 eating fruit. 



The mineral matter in the apple is 

 one of nature's wonders. The blood 

 nnist keep its red color or it cannot do 

 its work in the body and we die, and 

 this red color depends on the presence 

 of iron. When we eat an apple we eat 

 just the right dose of iron which the 

 blood needs, and the invalid with poor 

 blood will get iron in the apple which 

 is far more easily absorbed by the 

 blood than in any preparation of iron 

 compounded by the chemist. 



Lime is found in the apple in the 

 same form as it is found in our bones, 

 and in the apple the lime is so beauti- 

 fully combined with phosphoric acid 

 that, when an apple is eaten, the bones 

 of the body are nourished by these 

 lime salts, and by these additions of 

 lime the child is able to build up the 

 young growing bone. Ricketty chil- 

 dren have bones deficient in lime. I 

 have never seen Rickets or soft bones 

 in a Tasmanian orchard. 



Magnesia. — Yes, nature has placed in 

 the apple quite a nice little dose of 

 n;agnesia and it helps to keep off rheu- 

 matism by purifying the blood and 

 assisting the bowels. 



Phosphorus. — Professor Schaffer told 

 us recently in the great scientific lec- 

 ture of the year that life could not exist 

 without phosphorus, and in the apple 

 this great nerve tonic exists in quite a 

 full dose and it exists in its most sol- 

 uble form as phosijhoric acid. 



Sulphur, as sulphuric acid is also a 

 great blood purifier and has an especial 

 efi'ect on the skin_and skin diseases. 



There is just one more thing which 

 science has not yet explained, and that 

 is the wonderful life processes by 

 which all these tasteless (some even 

 nasty) elements were blended together 

 info a beautiful fruit and perfect food. 



The sailor who lives a long time on 

 salt meat and biscuit alone will rol 

 with scurvy, and if he fakes the sugars, 

 acids, etc., contained in an appl? every 

 day separately he will still die, but if 

 he takes an apple a day his blood will 

 keep perfectly right. This shows there 

 is life in the apple apart from just its 

 chemical composition. 



The bee loves honey because its 

 nature cries for a perfect food, and for 

 the same reason the child cries for an 

 ni)ijle. Its digestion is assisted by it, 

 the blood is made richer, the muscles 

 are made stronger, the bones are made 

 harder and the dose of phosphorus 

 sfinndafes the nerves and feeds them 

 until if wants to run and romp in ex- 

 uberant life. Ask our men in the 

 trenches what they would give for a 

 good feed of apples. 



The Manson fruitgrowers, in the 

 Wenatchee district, have formed a 

 local organization to afliliafe with the 

 Wenatchee North Central Washington 

 Growers' League. 



De.Td limbs take a great deal of water 

 from growing apple frees. They are in 

 tlie way at gathering time and make 

 the whole crop look diseased. If caused 

 V>y canker, the disease will spread to 

 other parts of the orchard. Prune 

 them out now and paint the wounds. 



