Page 22 



BETTER FRUIT 



I DOW ARSENATE OF LEAD PASTE 



has attained unusual popularity in the Northwest because 

 of the satisfaction it has given the growers. It mixes 

 easily, stays well in suspension, aheres to the foliage, will 

 ^ not burn and has exceptional covering properties. All in 

 all, it is a perfect Arsenate of Lead. 



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Distributed by 



ROGUE RIVER FRUIT DISTRIBUTORS, Medford, Oregon 



KELLEY BROS., Hood River, Oregon 



LAMB FRUIT COMPANY, 

 Freewater, Oregon, and Walla Walla, Washington 



E. E. SAMSON COMPANY, North Yakima, Washington 



WENATCHEE NORTH CENTRAL FRUIT DISTRIBUTORS, 

 Wenatchee, Washington 



JOHNSON-LIEBER COMPANY, Spokane, Washington 



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■ 



The Dow Chemical Company 



MIDLAND, MICHIGAN 



i 



GO EAST 



UNION PACIFIC SYSTEM 



SUPERIOR SERVICE 



Through limited and first-class trains to and from 

 Chicago, Kansas City, Omaha, Denver and inter- 

 mediate points. Observation Cars, Standard and 

 Tourist Sleepers, Steel Coaches. Dining Car Ser- 

 vice second-tonone. The Route is via the famous 

 ColumbiaRiver— The" Old Oregon" and" Pioneer" 

 Tra/&— wonderful in scenic and historic interest. 

 Automatic Signals guarding the entire main line, 

 and 1,140 miles of double-track are guarantees of 

 the high standard the Union Pacific sets. 



UNION PACIFIC SYSTEM 



JOINS WEST and EAST with A BOULEVARD of STEEL 



Tickets, reservations and travel service to suit your needs upon application to 

 any representative, or 



WM. McMURRAY, General Passenger Agent, Portland 



WHEN WRITING ADVERTISERS MENTION BETTER FRUIT 



Jainiarv 



rather than elaborated food materials 

 into the spurs. That our expectations 

 in this matter square with the facts is 

 evident to one who will go to the 

 orchard and carefully compare the fruit 

 spurs of severely tliinned with those 

 of severely headed trees. Thinning 

 out, then, would seem to be a practice 

 that not only encourages the formation 

 and development of an extensive fruit- 

 spur system in the apple, but that oper- 

 ates to keep that system in a strong, 

 vigorous and thrifty condition. In this 

 connection it may be worthy of note 

 that these results may probably be ex- 

 pected to follow summer as well as 

 winter thinning. On the other hand, 

 heading back during the dormant sea- 

 son would seem to be a practice that 

 not only checks fruit-spur production, 

 but tends to weaken and devitalize 

 already established spurs. From this it 

 is evident that thinning out should 

 come to occupy a more prominent and 

 heading back a less prominent place in 

 the pruning of both young and old 

 apple trees. 



This is far from stating that apple 

 trees just coming into bearing or that 

 have been bearing for a number of 

 years, should not be headed back. As 

 stated before, summer heading back 

 may well have a place in the develop- 

 ment of the young tree, especially when 

 coupled with both summer and winter 

 thinning out. Furthermore, it is often 

 desirable to head back the limbs in 

 old trees so as to force out new shoots 

 lower in the tree — shoots upon which 

 new spurs may be developed to replace 

 those in the older portions of the tree 

 that have been destroyed through one 

 agency or another. As a matter of 

 practice it will generally be found that 

 the average tree requires a certain 

 amount of thinning out and a certain 

 amount of heading back in order to 

 develop the most efhcient fruit-spur 

 system. ,Tust how much of each type 

 or kind of pruning to give in each case 

 cannot be told any article on the sub- 

 ject. These are questions that must be 

 settled for each tree at the time of 

 pruning, but they are questions that 

 should not be settled in haphazard 

 fashion. The correct answer io them 

 depends first upon accurate judgment 

 regarding the tree's condition and its 

 needs and then in a sound knowledge 

 of how distinct pruning practices will 

 modify those conditions and meet those 

 needs. It would seem to the writer that 

 this series of questions should flash 

 through the mind of the pruner before 

 he prunes any apple trees: (1) Does 

 this tree at this age bear mainly upon 

 spurs or upon lateral buds or shoots? 

 (2) If it bears upon spurs, are there 

 enough or too few or too many? How 

 severe and what kind of pruning will 

 just maintain, increase or decrease 

 their number? (3) Are the older si)urs 

 becoming weak and dying out? (4) 

 How severe and what kind of pruning 

 will invigorate them? (.5) How can I 

 maintain the desired shape of tree 

 without injuring the fruit-sjnir system? 

 Let these questions be seriously con- 

 sidered and there will be made fewer 

 expensive mistakes in the pruning of 

 our fruit trees. 



