Page 14 



BETTER FRUIT 



April 



Attractive Labels, Cartons, Posters, 

 Cutouts, Advertising Matter 



^^qjn;;/Printing<& 



SEATTLE -LOS ANGELES^ 

 ^N FRANCISC O, 



Do you contemplate a new APPLE or PEAR label? 



Do you contemplate using a window trim, cutout or booklet in colors? 



IF YOU DO, LET US HELP YOU 



Write to the most convenient office. 



The United States Printing & Lithograph Co. 



PACIFIC COAST SERVICE 



LOS ANGELES SEATTLE SAN FRANCISCO 



430 S. Broadway 901 Hoge Building 112 Market St. 



Control of More Serious Insects at Hood River 



By Leroy Childs, Etomologist and Plant Pathologist, Hood River Branch Experiment Station 



Leaf Roller. — At the present time the 

 distribution of the leaf roller does not 

 include the entire Hood River Valley. 

 The area of chief infestation includes 

 the Pine Grove section, and generally 

 speaking is found in serious numbers 

 within a radius of not more than a mile 

 and a half or two miles from the Van 

 Horn station. The lirst spray of the 

 season, consisting of an application of 

 a miscible oil, is directed toward the 

 control of this insect. Oils applied 

 at this time have been observed satis- 

 factorily to control the brown aphis. 

 However, at Hood River it is believed 

 at the present time that with the excep- 

 tion of the leaf I'oller other insects can 

 be more effectively and cconoinically 

 handled by the use of other sprays. 



Brown Aphis. — This is the insect that 

 is responsible for the development of 

 "aphis apples" — small, gnarled clusters 

 of apples that are usually found on the 

 fruit spurs in the lower parts of the 

 trees. If the leaf roller is present in 

 the orchard, spray with miscible oil, as 

 recommended for this insect. If the 

 leaf roller is not present, add tobacco 

 at the rate of 1 to 1200 to the delayed- 

 dormant application of lime-sulphur. 



Woolly Apple Aphis. — Experimental 

 work carried on for the control of this 

 insect has up to the present time been 

 productive largely of negative results. 

 This has included fall and spring appli- 

 cations of miscible oils. These find- 

 ings eliminate oils of the heavier type 

 from being of any decided service in 

 controlling this pest. The insect must 

 be combated in the sunmier. Tobacco 

 added to the thirty-day spray in lifld 

 was observed to check the develoi)- 

 ment of this insecL It must be remem- 

 bered, however, that the thirty-dav 



lime-sulphur spray must be applied 

 with extreme care in order to prevent 

 burning. This means that a thin, even 

 application must be given the trees. To 

 destroy the woolly aphis, a drenching 

 and driving spray has to be emi)loyed 

 in order to reach the insect, and for 

 this reason the gaining of one end may 

 defeat the other, and vice versa. Grow- 

 ers who can make these applications 

 separate should do so. In applying 

 the tobacco alone, add 3 or 4 pounds 

 of soap to each 100 gallons of the spray. 

 The woolly aphis at the present time 

 offers more complications relative to 

 its control than any other insect pest 

 present in the Hood River Valley. The 

 infestations as a rule do not become 

 very pronounced until toward the 

 middle of the summer, and some time 

 after the scab sprays have been applied. 

 For this reason, contact insecticides 

 used during the early season have 

 proved of little value in reducing the 

 numbers of this pest. This period of 

 extreme infestation occurs at a time 

 when orchardists are very busy thin- 

 ning, irrigating, cutting their hay, and 

 doing many other little duties that have 

 been neglected during the long spring 

 siege of spraying. It is very clear, how- 

 ever, that this pest, as far as we know 

 at the present time, can only be handled 

 during the sununer time. For this rea- 

 son it will be necessary to apply at 

 least one extra summer application of 

 tobacco and soai) that the pest be kept 

 under control. 



Green Aphis. — During the past two 

 seasons the green-apple aphis has been 

 very i)revalent in the Hood River Val- 

 ley, and especially during 1!)16, at 

 which time more injury was caused 

 by this insect than probably any other 



single insect pest or plant disease 

 present. This injury was not only due 

 to the "snuitting" of the apple, which 

 prevented the proper coloring of red 

 varieties, but produced an injury on 

 account of their feeding on the fruit 

 themselves. In severe cases this in- 

 jury resulted in a gnarling which 

 resembled somewhat that caused by 

 the brown aphis. On yellow varieties 

 red spots were produced, which re- 

 sembled in color those caused by the 

 San Jose scale. It was found that if 

 these spots were produced early in the 

 summer, they largely disappeared be- 

 fore the apples were harvested. No 

 experimental work has been attempted 

 in the control of this insect at Hood 

 River. In 191.5 and 191(5, however, it 

 was observed that no contact insecti- 

 cide applied before the first of June 

 was of any pronounced benefit in con- 

 trolling this pest. If the observations 

 made in these two years are a criterion, 

 it will be necessary to fight this insect 

 in the sunmier, along with the woolly 

 apple aphis. It was observed during 

 the past year that orchards sprayed 

 with the thirty-day application with 

 tobacco 1-1200 were much freer from 

 the green aphis than adjoining un- 

 sprayed orchards. 



Codling Moth. — Pears as well as ap- 

 ples should be sprayed if the insect has 

 been found attacking this fruit. 



Pear Leaf Blister Mite.— This mite 

 overwinters under the bud scales of 

 the pears. In the spring as soon as 

 the leaves appear, they burrow into the 

 newly-developing tissues, causing the 

 foliage, and in some cases the fruit, to 

 become spotted with puffy red areas. 

 These latter turn black, and the leaves 

 usually drop prematurely. This organ- 

 ism is easily controlled by the use of 

 lime-sulphur 1-10 just as the buds are 

 bursting. Applications made later than 

 this time will do little or no good. 



San Jose Scale on Pear. — Owing to 

 the fact that it has not been necessary 

 to use much lime-sulphur in the pear 

 orchards up to the present time some 

 have become infested with San Jose 

 scale. These orchards should be 

 sprayed with lime-sulphur 1-10 just as 

 the buds are bursting. 



Attention, Fruit and 

 Vegetable Growers 



CAN your Fruits, Vegetables, Meats and 

 Fish in Sanitary Cans, with the H. & A. 

 Steam Pressure Canning Outfits, built in 

 Family, Orchard and Commercial size; 

 seal the cans with the H. & A. Hand or 

 Belt Power Double Seamer; they will 

 save your perishable fruits and vegeta- 

 bles at ripening time when nothing else 

 will. Write for descriptive matter. 



Henninger & Ayes Mfg.Xo. 



47 S. First St., Portland, Ore. 



True-to-Name Nursery 



Offers for spring planting all leading varieties 

 of apple, pear, cherry, appricot and peach 

 trees. Address all communications to 



TRUE-TO-NAME NURSERY 



H. S. Galligan. Prop. Phone 4796. Hood River. Oregon 



