IC,IJ 



BETTER FRUIT 



Page 31 



Question: If you wanted to start a 

 by-products plant in your community, 

 would you try to interest private capi- 

 tal or have an association concern? 



Dr. Caldwell: The associations will 

 have to handle this business of neces- 

 sity in the final analysis. So long as 

 your acreage is made up of 25 per cent 

 of varieties which are consistently un- 

 profitable, the association will have to 

 come to it, not next year or the year 

 after, but in five years to come they 

 will have to do it to save the grower 

 from himself. The association will 

 have to take steps to keep those varie- 

 ties out of the market. They can't do 

 that until this thing has gone on until 

 prices for all varieties have been beaten 

 down below the present level, until the 

 seriousness of the situation is realized 

 by everyone concerned. When that 

 time comes the associations will have 

 to take up themselves the burden of 

 carrying the fellow whose orchard is 

 made up of these undesirable varieties. 

 That can only be done by the by- 

 products plant. I will say of those 83 

 per cent of by-products plants that 

 failed, that 60 per cent were fore- 

 ordained and predestined before the 

 first nail was driven in the building, for 

 it was perfectly clear to anyone that 

 the thing could do nothing but fail. 

 Of course the remaining 20 per cent 

 failed because co-operation was not co- 

 operation in that particular district. 

 The fault lay at the door of the grower. 

 He wouldn't make long-term contracts. 

 The cannery can't exist from year to 

 year with no definite business basis for 

 operation. 



Question : Of course you would ad- 

 vise associations to get busy before 

 those real hard times come? 



Dr. Caldwell: That is the reason for 

 my existence. A good many of us see 

 those hard times coming. 



Chairman : What would be the cost 

 of drving apples? 



Dr. Caldwell: From $5.25 to $7.00 or 

 87.25 per ton; S5.25 assumes that the 

 factory is going to run 120 to 180 days, 

 beginning with berries in July and con- 

 tinuing work until Christmas when it 

 finishes with the apples; $7.00 is on the 

 the assumption of an average length of 

 running not to exceed 90 days. This 

 will be the manufacturing cost per ton 

 of dried fruit. 



Question: \\Tiat is the objection to 

 the private concern? 



Dr. Caldwell: Simply that you 

 haven't it. The private individual 

 rarely has the capital necessary to put 

 up a plant of suflicient size to cut any 

 figure in the reduction of the waste 

 of the community. He usually builds 

 because of lack of money, on a scale 

 to save his own waste, and that is in 

 most cases too small to be profitable 

 and is usually abandoned in a few years 

 for that reason. So that he neither 

 helps himself, his neighbor or any- 

 body else. 



Question: I had figured that the 

 objection to the private concern was 

 that it would not pay the grower a fair 

 price for his fruit; how is that? 



Dr. Caldwell: The only answer to 

 that question is whether the supply of 



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