October, 1921 



Entree of the Basket 



{Continued from fage 6) 



inch to a full inch, depending on the com- 

 mercial size. This variation is necessary to 

 secure a tight pack. With a little study of 

 sizes the packer is necessary to secure a tight 

 pack. With a little study of sizes the packer 

 will have no trouble in adopting one of 

 the faces worked out in detail below, and 

 will not have to patch a face by finishing 

 with large or small apples. In arranging the 

 apples the beginner will find that he can 

 make great use of the minimum and the 

 maximum longitudinal diameter of the size 

 of the apple that he is working with. If the 

 circle or ring lacks but half an inch, of be- 

 ing filled, or a fair-sized apple will not go 

 in, it will usually be found that by chang- 

 ing several of the apples with a smaller or 

 greater longitudinal diameter as the case 

 may be, the space will be filled. 



Each circle in the face of the basket 

 should have apples in it as nearly as possible 

 of uniform size of the commercial size that 

 is being packed. Any perceptible size dif- 

 ference will detract from the general ap- 

 pearance. 



Ring I. is the first ring put on. Start at 

 the side of the basket so that the edge of 

 the apple will not be more than a half inch 

 above the edge of the basket. Succeeding 

 apples should be placed very close together 

 on the style of stem to calyx. If one apple 

 is above the edge of the basket too far be- 

 cause of fruit being high below, select fruit 

 that has a smaller transverse diameter or vice 

 versa so that the result will be an even face. 

 Then ring II. is put on in like fashion. 

 Rings III. and IV. follow and sometimes 

 with small commercial sizes it will be nec- 

 essary to put one or two apples in the center 

 which are spoken of as key apples. 



As mentioned previously the height of 

 the bulge is very important. The center 

 will be higher than ring I. This is caused 

 by the construction of the basket. Too 

 high a bulge will cause unnecessary crushing 

 of the fruit from the cover or by other 

 baskets being placed on top. Too high a 

 bulge will also interfere with the proper 

 adjustment of the cover. An excessive bulge 

 in the center will prevent the cover from 

 fitting properly around the edge of the 

 basket, which permits the fruit to protrude 

 between the hoop of the cover and the top 

 of the basket, thereby causing lid bruising. 

 It is not likely that it will prove profit- 

 able to ring face any fruit that is below 2 

 inches in diameter. A jumble pack with a 

 smoothed off face will be best for small 

 fruits. 



While more time is required to ring pack 

 a basket from the bottom than to jumble 

 pack, a better pack can be secured with ring 

 packing from the standpoint of even facing. 

 It is easier to face a basket that is ring 

 packed from the bottom than to face a bas- 

 ket that is jumble packed. The fruit in a 

 ring packed basket is tighter than in a jum- 



BETTER FRUIT 



ble packed basket and will not settle as much 

 in shipment. 



THE experiments carried on in the ring 

 facing of odd shaped varieties of fruit 

 were conducted with York Imperials. In 

 many instances the longitudinal diameter 

 was less than the transverse diameter in 

 this type of apple, which makes it more 

 difficult to face the baskets as compared 

 with fruit that is regular in shape and con- 

 formation. Due to the shape of this par- 

 ticular variety it was found that the apples 

 could be ring packed more expeditiously 

 than apples of other types. This holds 

 true especially of sizes that are from two 

 and one-half inches up. In ring packing 

 the basket the apples in the rings through- 

 out the basket should be placed stem to 

 calyx. 



The Yorks were found to pack very 

 closely. The tightness of the face rings 

 can be secured best with apples similar in 

 size and conformation. The juxtaposition 

 of these apples depends on the skill of the 

 packer in arranging these varieties so they 

 will fit snugly one against the other. If 

 there are smaller apples of the commercial 

 size that is being worked with than there are 

 large apples in the size, then the smaller 

 apples should be used to make the first 

 ring, the second ring should be a little 

 larger and the largest apples of the com- 

 mercial size should be in the middle. 

 Height of Bulge 



THE height of the bulge is a very im- 

 portant feature in the packing of bas- 

 ket apples. Either too large or too small 

 a bulge is unsatisfactory and will give the 

 fruit of the facing an unattractive appear- 

 ance. If the bulge is not sufficient the 

 basket will arrive on the market with a 

 slack pack. This will cause bruising and 

 discoloration of the contents, and very ma- 

 terially reduce the sale value of the pack- 

 ages. It will also result in a disarrange- 

 ment of fruit in the facing. 



Too high a bulge will result in equally 

 bad consequences. It will result in bruised 



Fage 16 



and cut fruit in the face of the basket. 

 There will be opportunity for the face to 

 slip as the space between cover hoop and 

 basket edge will allow fruit to slip out. 

 (Continued on fage 18) 



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