December, 1921 



BETTER FRUIT 



Page, 13 



center which is more or less open is filled 

 with fruiting wood. This is by far the 

 better system and is used almost entirely in 

 commercial plantings. It brings the head 

 with the fruiting wood nearer the ground 

 which greatly facilitates pruning, spraying, 

 thinning, and picking. The branches rise 

 obliquely and are less liable to break when 

 loaded or droop to interfere with operations. 

 The head is more open, giving a better dis- 

 tribution of light to the interior portion 

 of the tree. As the fruit matures, the 

 heavily loaded scaffold branches tend to 

 spread, admitting more sunlight to color 

 the interior fruit. Thus the open head 

 system gives better light and air conditions 

 to a larger leaf and fruiting surface, pro- 

 ducing more first class, highly colored 

 fruit. 



If attacked by blight the open-head tree 

 would be preferred, as most of the fruit 

 spurs and growing tips through which the 

 blight generally enters are lower where the 

 disease could be more easily detected and 

 controlled. Should the leader of a pyra- 

 midal tree be attacked seriously enough to 

 necessitate its removal the tree would be 

 ruined. But the other type having several 

 scaffold branches or trunks, one might be 

 spared without seriously crippling the 

 tree. Where blight is prevalent the lower 

 parts of the scaffold branches should be 

 kept free of fruit spurs and small growth, 

 keeping the fruiting wood of the lower in- 

 terior on sub-branches. 



Artificial Support — Under some con- 

 ditions, with weak growing, heavy bearing 

 varieties or varieties which tend to form 

 weak crotches as the Winesap or King, it 

 may be necessary to give artificial support 

 to the open center tree. Propping with 

 poles is not practical as it is expensive, un- 

 wieldy, temporary', and inhibits orchard 

 operations in general. 



There are advocates of a system of wir- 

 ing, the wires remaining permanently in 

 the tree. A twelve-guage galvanized wire is 

 fastened from a central ring to each main 

 branch by means of screweyes. The wires 

 should be placed as high as possible to give 

 strength and yet not be fastened to branches 

 under one and one-half or two inches in 

 diameter. The wiring costs about twenty 

 cents per tree and will last a lifetime. The 

 wires do no damage and are a handy means 

 of support to stand upon while pruning, 

 thinning, and picking. Some trouble is ex- 

 perienced, however, in the limbs breaking 

 at the point where the screweye enters. 



For heavy or early bearing varieties or in 

 districts subject to sleet and heavy snows in 

 winter it will be necessary to add temporary 

 support to the trees too small to receive the 

 permanent wire supports. Tying soft spun 

 two-ply hemp or manila twine between 

 opposite branches is satisfactory and cheaper 

 ■ than props. It lasts three years and costs 

 about five cents per tree. 



Another method of support is to bolt op- 

 posite branches together immediately above 

 the crotch. 



{Continued on fage 20) 



What You Lose 



in using cheap paint— do vou know? 



GOOD paints require much 

 thought and time in their 

 preparation. That is why you 

 should insist upon purchasing 

 paints that have a reputation. 



We make good paints like 

 this — to save you money; and 

 we call them Fuller's Specifica- 

 tion Farm Paints because we 

 have made them especially for 

 farm use. 



We use pure PIONEER 

 WHITE LEAD, pure linseed 

 oil, zinc and color in scientifi- 

 cally exact proportions, arrived 

 at through 72 years' experience. 



The lead is made so fine that 

 it will pass through a silk 

 screen of 40,000 meshes to the 

 square inch. That means cov- 

 ering capacity and ease of 

 spread. 



A special device super-puri- 

 fies the lead, making it "whiter" 

 so Fuller colors are exception- 

 ally clear-toned. All ingredients 

 are thoroughly mixed in specially 

 designed machines, so the paint 

 is always uniform. 



The result on the house or 

 barn is an elastic, tough, pro- 

 tective coat that stays five or 



more years, keeping the wood 

 like new. 



Some figure paint economy as 

 "cost per gallon." That is 

 wrong. For "cheap" paint 

 doesn't cover so much surface 

 — you buy more gallons. 

 "Cheap" paint spreads less 

 quickly and you have more la- 

 bor cost. So "cheap" paint ap- 

 plied is no less expensive than 

 the best. 



"Cheap" paint on the average 

 starts cracking in twelve months 

 while the best 

 paint stays in- 

 tact five or more 

 times longer, if 

 p rope riy ap- 

 plied. Figure 

 then the cost per 

 year of serviee 

 and decide how 

 much you lose 

 when you use 

 cheap paint. Don't allow sur- 

 faces to rot. It costs less to 

 paint them. 



All "Fuller" Specification 

 Paints are made the costlier 

 way for your economy. Be sure 

 you get them when you paint. 



Fuller^ 

 SPeCtFICATIOM 



Farrw Paints 



House Point -Barn £• Roof Point 

 Woqon Point-Rubber Cement Floor Point 



Manufactured by W. P. Fuller & Co., San Francisco 



Pioneer Manufacturers of Paints, Varnishes, Enamels, Stains and 



PIONEER WHITE LEAD for 72 Years 



Branches in 16 cities in the West-Dealers everywhere--Established 1849 



Send Coupon For 

 Interesting Book 



FREE 



Mail coupon for "Save 

 the Surface"— a free book 

 that tells of the importance 

 of good paint. 



We'll send also our book- 

 let describing Fuller's Spec- 

 ification Farm Paints. Var- 

 nishes, etc. Send coupon 

 now. Find out what good 

 paint means to you. 



W. p. Fuller & Co. 



Dept. F. 18, San Francisco 



Please send me, without charge, a copy 

 of "Save the Surface" and your booklet 

 of farm paints and varnishes. 



Name - 



Street 



City State 



