December, 1921 



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I Bees and Beekeeping | 



I Edited by Amo5 Burhans | 



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T^HE last 10 years have seen more large hives 

 -■- adopted In the bee yards of American apiarists 

 than the previous 50. The advantages of the 

 large hive are so many it is a wonder they have 

 not been used in great numbers earlier than this. 

 Where they are once tried they are always used. 



One of the reasons large hives have not been 

 adopted with more speed is the tendency of the 

 beekeeper to have one standard hive for his work 

 and to stay by it after he is started, owing to the 

 expense of making the change. For many years 

 the 8-frame hive was standard all over the United 

 States and Canada. Then along came the 10- 

 frame hive and found many who liked it until 

 today It is the standard hive in use everywhere. 

 The 1 0-f rame Jumbo hive came in sight next, 

 but did not get very far. Only a few are In use 

 compared to the standard 10-frame hive. The 

 Jumbo offered nothing more than the 10-frame 

 standard except two Inches more depth to the 

 frames. It was soon seen that there was some- 

 thing lacking. 



Then came the modified Dadant hive, based 

 upon the record for honey production made by 

 the orlgnal Dadant hive. The latter contained 

 a frame two Inches longer than the standard 

 Langs troth frame used In the 8 and 10 frame 

 hives, as well as two inches more In depth. So 

 the Dadants In order to have their new hive con- 

 form more with the standard dimensions that 

 have preceded it, shortened the length of the 

 frames to that of the standard hives In use, but 

 added another frame and spaced their frames one 

 and one-half inches from center to center In order 

 to give the hive better circulation. 



The depth of the modified Dadant hive Is two 

 Inches plus deeper than the standard 8 to 10- 

 framc. It contains 40 per cent more room for 

 the queen to lay In. It gives nearly 200 square 

 inches more capacity for the bees to breathe In 

 and provides great deal better conditions for bees 

 to work In during summer. The danger of combs 

 melting down Is reduced to practically nothing. 

 This is a fault and a serious one of the smaller 

 hives, especially where they are used in the hot 

 climates. 



A ND It is this lack of ventilation or capacity 

 to hold heat that rnakes the small hives great 

 swarmers. Beekeepers who know that strong 

 colonies in small hives have a greater tendency 

 to swarm than the colonies of big hives are 

 always working to prevent swarming. These 

 manipulations are the bane of the beekeeper. A 

 divided force right in the honey flow — and this 

 Is when the majority of swarms issue — means no 

 surplus honey from either the old hive or the new 

 swarm In many cases. If the swarm can be re- 

 turned to the hive from which it issues, there will 

 be great returns from that colony. This fact dem- 

 onstrated, then came the search for a method to 

 prevent swarming which has ended In the yards 

 of modern beekeepers with the use of the big hive. 



Swarming Is caused primarily because the bees 

 have no room for their surplus, the queen has no 

 room to lay or finds poor ventilation. The big 

 hive, with the properly spaced and properly sized 

 frames, practically prevents swarmlnf' I saw 

 800 big-hive colonies from which only three 

 swarms had issued up to the middle of July. Hees 

 were swarming In other yards from the 8 and 10- 

 frame hives. In my own yard, where I was 

 working for extracted honey, I had two swarms 

 In August from builtup modified Dadant hives. 

 1 am using standard 10-frame bodies for ex- 

 tracting supers on my big hives. They work fine. 



For farm conditions of beekeeping, where the 

 owner does not want a lot of manipulating or 

 swarr Ing to tend to, I can he:.rtllv recommend the 

 big modified Dadant hive. Keep them In the 

 shade to make conditions Ideal; see that go(.d 

 queens arc at the head of each colony; get on 



BETTER FRUIT 



the supers In time .to get the honey and the bees 

 will do the rest without swarming. Bees winter 

 better in big hives because they have a greater 

 amount of honey above the brood nest In the deep 

 frames and greater room to store surplus on which 

 to build up in the spring as well as enlarged 

 clustering space. If you are just starting at bee- 

 keeping or want an easier method of handling 

 them, try the big hives. 



Page 29 



Statement of Ownership 



STATEMENT of the ownership, management, 

 circulation, etc., required by the Act of Con- 

 gress of August 24, 1912, of the Better Fruit, 

 published monthly at Portland, Oregon, for Octo- 

 ber 1, 1921. 



State of Oregon, County of Multnomah — Before 

 me, a notary public in and for the state and county 

 aforesaid, personally appeared C. J. Owen, who, 

 having been duly sworn according to law, de- 

 poses and says that he Is the business manager 

 of Better Fruit, and that the following is, to the 

 best of his knowledge and belief, a true state- 

 ment of the ownership, management (and if a 

 daily paper, the circulation), etc., of the afore- 

 said publication for the date shown in the above 

 caption, required by the Act of August 24, 1912, 

 embodied in section 443. postal laws and regula- 

 tions, printed on the reverse of this form, to-wit : 



1. That the names and addresses of the pub- 

 lisher, editor, managing editor and business man- 

 agers are : 



Publisher, Better Fruit Publishing Company, 

 Inc., 281 12th St.. Portland, Oregon. Editor, 

 Ernest C. Potts, 1569 East Everett St., P&rtland, 

 Oregon. Managing Editor, Jerrold Owen, 281 12th 

 St., Portland, Oregon. Business Manager, C. J. 

 Owen, 281 I2th St., Portland. Oregon. 



2. That the owners are: (Give names and ad- 

 dresses of individual owners, or, if a corporation, 

 give its name and the names and addresses of 

 stockholders owning or holding 1 per cent or 

 more of the total amount of stock). 



Owner, Better Fruit Publishing Company, Inc., 

 Portland, Oregon. Stockholders, Jerrold Owen, 

 281 12th St., Portland. Oregon; D. L. Carpenter, 

 800 Oregonian Bldg., Portland. Oregon; E. E. 

 Faville, 800 Oregonian Bldg., Portland, Oregon; 

 A. W. Stypes, 800 Oregonian Bldg., Portland, 

 Oregon. 



3. That the known bondholders, mortgagees and 

 other security holders owning or holding 1 per 

 cent or more of the total amount of bonds, mort- 

 gages or other securities are: (If there are none, 

 so state). None. 



4. That the two paragraphs next above, giving 

 the names of the owners, stockholders and se- 

 curity holders, If any, contain not only the list 

 of stockholders and security holders as they appear 



upon the books of the company, but also in cases 

 where the stockholders or security holder appears 

 upon the books of the company as trustee or in 

 any other fiduciary relation, the name of the per- 

 son or corporation for whom such trustee is act- 

 ing is given; also that the said two paragraphs 

 contain statements embracing affiant's full knowl- 

 edge and belief as to the circumstances and con- 

 ditions under which stockholders and security 

 holders who do not appear upon the books of the 

 company as trustees, hold stock and securities in 

 a capacity other than that of a bona fide owner, 

 and this affiant has no reason to believe that any 

 other person, association or corporation has any 

 interest, direct or indirect, in the said stock, 

 bonds or other securities than as so stated by him, 



5, That the average number of copies of each 

 issue of this publication sold or distributed, 

 through the mails or otherwise, to paid subscrib- 

 ers during the six months preceding the date 

 shown above is : (The information Is required 

 from daily publications only). 



C. J. OWEN, 

 Business Manager. 



Sworn to and subscribed before me this first 

 dav of October, 1921. 

 (SEAL) GEORGE H. CARR. 



Notary Public for Oregon. 

 (My commission expires April 29, 1925.) 



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Apple, Pear, Mahaleb, Myrobolan, 

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