Mail, 1922 



BETTER FRUIT 



Page Thirteen 



of the current season's growth that bears 

 the fruit. The cane is a shoot in its second 

 year, from which bearing shoots of the 

 current year spring. The branch is a cane 

 more than one year old. The spur is a 

 cane cut back to a short stub, usually hav- 

 ing but a single bud, while the trunk is 

 the permanent part of the vine leading di- 

 rectly from the root. 



The principal objects sought in pruning 

 the grape are: Free circulation of air; ad- 

 mission of light into the interior of the 

 vine; provision of shade for the growing 

 fruit, that it may not be scorched by the 

 direct rays of the sun; protection of the 

 fruit from rain and frost by foliage; ad- 

 mission of the sun's rays to the soil upon 

 which the vine is growing, and the limita- 

 tion of size of the vine to its alloted space. 



The four-cane Kniffin, high renewal 

 system of pruning is recommended as best 

 suited to the varieties found adapted to the 

 soil and climate of our western Pacific 

 slope. This consists simply in selecting two 

 or four shoots that spring from the canes 

 near the trunk for the canes of the next 

 season, and cutting all other growth away. 



Two of these shoots are then tied looselv 

 to the top wire of the trellis and two to the 

 second wire, being cut back at the time to 

 from five to ten buds each. The shoots 

 for the second, wire would naturally be 

 selected at a point on the vine below those 

 intended for training to the top wire. If 

 the vine is not strong only two shoots may 

 be retained and the number of new shoots 

 limited by cutting them back to a lesser 

 number of buds. 



To restrict spread of the vine, spurs may 

 be made of shoots springing from the trunk 

 and the shoots that spring from these are 

 then selected for canes the following year. 

 .As all of the shoots are at a height of from 

 three to five feet from the ground there is 

 little need of training the new shoots which 

 have a tendency to grow downward, due 

 to the weight of foliage and fruit. 



If it is found that such shoots interfere 

 with cultivation during the latter part of 

 the season, the ends may be cut off or thev 

 may be pushed back under the trellis and 

 held in place by short stakes. All shoots 

 that spring from the trunk and those that 

 come up from the root .should be broken 

 off when only a few inches long, as they 

 rarely bear fruit and tend to sap the vitality 

 of the vine. 



Date Prune Plantings 



OINCK last fall appro.ximatciy 100,000 

 ^ date prune trees have been planted, ac- 

 cording to a report from the Oregon 

 Nursery Company, which holds exclusive 

 propagation rights. The company officials 

 have been highly gratified by the reception 

 the new sweet prune has won for itself. 



One of the late shipments of the Coates, 

 or date prune trees, comprised a carload 

 sent to southern Idaho for planting there. 

 The nursery company is setting out 80 .icres 



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Name 



Address _ _ 



of the trees In the vicinity- of its head- 

 quar-ters .Tt Orenco. Even more extensive 

 plantings are e.xpected next season as scores 

 of interested land owners who were unable 

 to complete preparations for setting out an 

 acreage this .season will do so in the com- 

 ing year. 



The company reports that there has been 

 excellent demand for all sorts of trees with 

 "all lines cleaning up very satisfactorilv." 

 The demand in some lines has, in fact, 

 exceeded the supplv. 



The special gift boxes of prunes put out 

 by the Washington growers last season met 

 with great favor and manv repeat orders 

 have been received. 



'T'llE FIRST few hours of ,i baby chick's lift- it 



is viTv sleepy. It has been through a severe 



strain getting out of the shell and it needs a rest. 



V/U.UABLE TO Teachers 



Mttssachiisell! Agricultural College, 

 Defarlment of Education 

 Amherst, Mass., Feb 4, 1922. 

 Better Fruit, 

 Portland, Oregon 



Dear Sirs: Our copies of Bettkr 

 Frui T are placed on the tables of our 

 teacher training study room for care- 

 ful examination and discussion, in 

 order that zvhen these teachers in 

 training go out into real work they 

 may make wise selections for the ho\s 

 whom they teach in the agricultural 

 departments and special schools. 

 Very truly yaurs, 



W. S. Welles 

 Professor in Vocational 

 Agricultural Teaching 



