28 



. Report to Boston Manufacturers' Mntual Fire Insiirauee Company of tests made with Watertown machine 



on columns of pine, whitewood, and oak of dimensions nsed in cotton and woolen mills. See summary and 

 tables of same in Burr's Elasticity and resistence of the materials of engineering, p. 480. 



Macdonald, Charles. Xecessity of government aid in making tests of materials for structural purposes. Paper read 

 before the American Institute of Mining Engineers. Van Xostrand's Magazine, vol. 27, 1882, p. 177. 



Norton, Prof. W. A., Yale College. Results of experiments on the set of bars of wood, iron, and steel after a trans- 

 verse set. Experiments discussed in two papers read before the National Academy of Sciences, 1874 and 1875. 

 Published in Van Nostiand's Magazine, vol. 17, 1887, p. 531. 



. Description of machine used is given in proceedings of the A. A. A. S. eighteenth meeting, 1869. 



Parker, Lieut. Col. F. H., U. S. Ortlnance Department. Report of tests of American woods by the testing machine, 

 United States Arsenal, Watertown, under supervision of Prof. C. S. Sargent, for the Census Report, 1880. Senate 

 Ex. Doc. No. .5, Forty-eighth Congress, first session, 1882-'83. 



. Report of experiments on the adhesion of nails, spikes, and screws in various woods, as made at Watertown 



Arsenal. Senate Ex. Doc. No. 35, Forty-ninth Congress, first session, 1883-'84, and in report on tests of metals 

 and other materials for industrial purposes at Watertown Arsenal, 1888-'89. 



. Also in report on tests of iron, steel, and other materials for industrial jiurposes, at Watertown Arsenal, 



1886-'87, pp. 188, 189. 



Report on cubic corapre.ssion of various woods, as shown by tests at Watertown Arsenal, 1885-'86, in repf)rt 



on tests of metals, etc., for industrial purposes. 

 Philbrick, Prof. Iowa University. New practical forniulas for the resistance of solid and built beams, girders, etc., 



with problems and designs. Van Nostrand's Magazine, vol. 35, 1886. 

 Pike, Prof. W. A- Tests of white pine, made in the testing laboratory of the University of Minnesota. Van Nos- 

 trand's Magazine, vol. 34. 188.5. p. 472. 

 Rothrock, Prof. J. T., University of Pennsylvania. Some microscopic distinctions between good and bad timber of 



the same species. Read before American Philosophic ."society. 

 Smith, 0. Shaler, c. K. Summary of results of 1,200 tests of fuU-size yellow pine columns. See W. H. Burr's 



Elasticity and Resistance of the Materials of Engineering, pp. 48.5-490. 

 Thurston, Prof. R. H., Cornell University. The torsional resistance of materials. .Journal of Franklin Institute, vol. 



&5, 1873. 



. Experiments on torsion. Van Nostrand's Magazine, July, 1873. 



. Experiments on the strength, elasticity, ductility, etc., of materials, as shown by a new testing machine. 



Van Nostrand's Magazine, v<d. 10, 1874. 

 . The relation of ultimate resistance to tension and torsion. Proceedings of lustitnte of Civil Engineers, vol. 



7, 1878. 

 . The strength of American timber. Experiments at Stevens Institute. Paper before A. A. A. S., 1879. 



Journal of Franklin Institute, vol. 78. 1879. 

 . Effect of prolonged stress upon the strength and elasticity of pine timber. .Toumal of Franklin Institute, 



vol. 80, 1880. 

 . Influence of time on bending strength and elasticity. Proceedings A. A. .\. S., 1881. Proceedings Institute 



of Civil Engineers, vol. 71. 

 Watertown Arsenal. Summary of results of tests of timber at. in Ex. Doc. No. 1, Forty-seventh Congress, second 



session. See Burr's Elasticity and Resistance of Materials of Engineering, pp. 486 and .535. 

 Wellington, A.M., c. E. Experiments on impregnated timber. Railroad Gazette, 1880. 



CONCLUSION. 



WTiile it may appear from this brief review of investigations and publications that our 

 knowledge of timber physics is not qnit<» barren, yet we are only at the outstart of exact inve.sti- 

 gatiou, and especially for our American timbers even the first practically aiiplicablc reliable data 

 are lacking, not to sjteak of laws of interrelation between phy.sical and meclianical ]iroperties or 

 conditions ot growth. We find then here altogether a wide field for scientific investigation, 

 promising results of highest practical value. 



