18 



NOETH AMERICAlSr DUCKS, GEESE, AND SWANS. 



Western Species, with Eastern Limit of Regular Range. 



Cinnamon teal, Querquedula cyanoptera 

 (Kansas). 



Bteller eider, Polysticta stelleri (Alaska). 



Spectacled eider, Arcionetta fischeri 

 (Alaska). 



Pacific eider, Somaferia v-nlgra (Macken- 

 zie). 



Ross goose, Chen rosdi (Hudson Bay). 



White-cheeked goose, Branta canadensis 



occklentaUs (Nevada). 

 Cackling goose, Branta canadensis minima 



(California). 

 Black brant, Branta nigricans (Nevada 



and INIackenzie). 

 Emperor goose, Philacte cunagica 



(Alaska). 



Southern Limits of Species whose Winter Range extends South of the United 



States. 



American merganser. Merganser amerl- 

 canns (Mexico, accidental). 



Red-breasted merganser. Merganser ser- 

 rator (Mexico). 



Hooded merganser, Lophodytes cucuUatus 

 (Mexico). 



Mallard, Anas boschas (Panama). 



Black duck, Anas ohscura (Jamaica, acci- 

 dental ) . 



Gadwall, Chaulelasmus streperus (Mexico). 



Baldpate, Mareca americana (Costa Rica). 



Green- winged teal, Nettion caroUnense 

 (Honduras). 



Blue-wmged teal, Querquedula discors 

 (Chile). 



Cinnamon teal, Querquedula cyanoptera 

 (Patagonia). 



Shoveler, Spatula clypeata (Colombia) . 



Pintail, Da fila acuta (Panama). 



Wood duck, Aix sponsa (Mexico). 



Redhead, Ay thy a americana (Mexico). 



Canvasback, Aythya vallisneria (Guate- 

 mala, accidental). 



Scaup duck, Aythya marila (Bahamas). 



Lesser scaup duck, Aythya affinis (Pan- 

 ama). 



Ring-necked duck, Aythya collans (Guate- 

 mala). 



American golden-eye, Clangula clangula 

 americana (Mexico). 



Buffle-head, Charitonetta albeola (Mexico). 



White-winged scoter, Oidemia deglandi 

 (Mexico). 



Surf scoter, Oidemia perspicillata (Mexico). 



Ruddy duck, Erismatura jamaicends 

 (Costa Rica, accidental). 



Masked duck, Nomonyx dominicus (Ar- 

 gentina). 



Lesser snow goose, Qien hyperborea (Mex- 

 ico). 



American white-fronted goose, Anser albi- 

 frons gambeli [Mexico). 



Hutchins goose, Branta canadensis hutch- 

 insii (Mexico). 



White-cheeked goose, Branta canadensis 

 occidentalis (Mexico). 



Black brant, Branta nigricans (Mexico). 



Black-bellied tree-duck, Dendrocygna au- 

 tumnalis (Panama). 



Fulvous tree-duck, Dendrocygna fidva 



(Argentina). 

 Whistling swan, Olor columbianus (Mex- 

 ico). 



SUMMARY. 



Species breeding regularly in the northern United States 19 



Southern species ranging north to the southern United States 5 



Species breeding in the United States 24 



Species wintering in the United States but breeding northward 24 



Species breeding or wintering in the United States 48 



Species breeding and wintering north of the United States ... 5 



Species breeding chiefly north of the Arctic Circle , 15 



Species breeding in the United States and northward 53 



European species straggling to North America H 



Species occurring in the United States and northward 64 



Southern species not ranging north to the United States 7 



Total species and subspecies in North America 71 



