The Bulletin. 7 



Slake the lime slowly (preferably with hot water), and when com- 

 pletely slaked add water to make 25 gallons. Keep this in a separate 

 keg or barrel. 



We now have 25 gallons of the bluestone solution and 25 gallons of 

 the lime solution. We now take equal parts of each of these solutions 

 and pour them together into a third tub or barrel. Do not pour a 

 bucketful of one into a half-barrel of the other, but mix them always 

 in equal quantities. Thus we may take two water buckets and fill one 

 with the lime solution and the other from the bluestone solution and 

 then pour them both at the same time into the third barrel or keg. This 

 little point of always mixing them in equal quantities results in a better 

 mixture than when they are carelessly mixed, or when the whole mass 

 of one solution is poured bodily into the whole mass of the other. Al- 

 ways stir the solution well before dipping out, so that the liquid you 

 take out shall be fully charged with the ingredients of the solution. 



Poisoning the Mixture. — It now remains to add the poison, whether it 

 be Paris green or arsenate of lead. Either of these may be used, their 

 relative merits being about as described below. 



Paris green is a well-known remedy for various insects and has the 

 advantage of being well-known, and is obtainable in almost every village. 

 It should be used at the rate of one ounce for each eight or ten gallons, 

 or 5 to 8 ounces for a barrel (50 gallons) of the Bordeaux Mixture. 

 Some persons use as much as half a pound (8 ounces) to a barrel, and 

 if the green is of poor quality this may be necessary, but in our expe- 

 rience 5 ounces to the barrel has always given good results, and an 

 excessive amount is apt to have a burning effect on the foliage and young 

 fruit. It is a very cheap poison to use, as it can be had at a cost of from 

 fifteen to twenty-five cents per pound. This is the poison which is 

 principally used by our growers. 



Mix the green first with a little water in a cup or dish (using the 

 fingers or a small stick) until it is thoroughly wetted to a thin, watery 

 paste in which there are no dry lumps or bubbles of the Paris green. 

 Then wash this into the mixture and stir thoroughly. The mixture is 

 then ready to apply to the trees. 



Arsenate of lead. — This is a newer poison, but one which has several 

 advantages over Paris green. It does not have the same tendency to 

 burn the foliage, and it sticks to the leaves better, so that an application 

 of it is effective for a much longer time than is the case with Paris 

 green. On account of these advantages, the progressive fruit growers in 

 most parts of the country are using it in preference to Paris green. It 

 is sold in the form of a white paste, which readily dissolves in the Bor- 

 deaux Mixture (or in water), and it does not settle to the bottom so 

 quickly as does Paris green. It costs about the same per pound as Paris 

 green (fifteen to twenty-five cents), but a much greater quantity is used, 

 from 3 to 5 pounds being used for each barrel of the Bordeaux Mixture. 

 This makes it more expensive, but the better results fully make up for 

 the difference. Arsenate of lead is not usually sold by our local stores, 

 but any good drug store in our larger towns or cities can likely supply 

 it if the order is placed with them well in advance of the time when it 

 is to be used. 



