8 The Bulletin. 



The arsenate of lead paste is first dissolved in just enough water to 

 make it liquid and is then stirred into the Bordeaux Mixture. It is 

 then ready to apply. 



Strain Before Using. — Before using, the mixture must be carefully 

 strained through a cloth or fine wire gauze. Remember that all the 

 spray must come out through the small hole in the end of the nozzle; 

 therefore, to avoid clogging, strain carefully before using. Care in the 

 thorough straining before spraying will pay for the trouble many times 

 over. If one uses considerable quantities of the mixture, it is well to 

 have a large funnel strainer made, fitted with two nettings, one of iron 

 wire window screening and the other with much finer gauze, preferably 

 of brass. Having strained the poisoned mixture, it is ready to apply. 



Applying the Mixture. 



Spray pumps are necessary to make the application to best advantage. 

 In growing fruit on" a commercial scale, the spray pump will be found 

 as necessary as the plow, after you once get into the habit and know 

 how and when to use it. 



Always strain the mixture through a cloth or fine wire gauze before 

 attempting to spray it. Stir thoroughly before straining, and stir it 

 occasionally while spraying. The spray pump should preferably be fitted 

 with an agitator, which keeps the mixture stirred. 



Have long enough hose on the pump, so that the nozzle can be put to 

 within two to four feet of the part to be treated. You cannot do good 

 work in spraying a fruit tree with only four or five feet of hose. The 

 spray is in best condition at from two to four feet from the nozzle. 



In pumping, keep up a good pressure, so that the spray will be forced 

 out in a fine, penetrating mist. 



Move the nozzle around briskly, so as to throw the spray to all parts 

 of the plant. Remember that only the parts actually touched and damp- 

 ened by the spray are protected, yet do not put it on until it runs off in 

 streams ; just a light, even,- thorough dampening, in which every inch of 

 space is covered, is the ideal treatment. 



It is not absolutely necessary to use poison in any application which 

 may be given when there are no leaves ; but when there are leaves, even 

 if only partly grown, it is very important to use it. In the second 

 spraying of apples and pears the poison is especially important. 



If the trees are infested with San Jose Scale, this pest must be com- 

 bated by spraying with the Lime-sulphur "Wash in late winter before 

 the buds open. When this is done it takes the place of the first treat- 

 ment of (poisoned) Bordeaux Mixture, so that the poisoned Bordeaux 

 would not be applied until after the blossoms fall. There is no need to 

 spray with both the Bordeaux Mixture and the Lime-sulphur Wash be- 

 ■ fore the buds open. 



The most important spraying for apples and pears is the one made 

 just after the blossoms fall. There will be some irregularity about this, 

 and we must strike the most opportune time to do the most good. It is 

 important that this application be made promptly, as soon as the bulk 



