10 The Bulletin. 



dissolves more rapidly if hung so that it is just below the surface than 

 it will if simply thrown in the water to sink to the bottom. It is well 

 to crush the lumps of bluestone just before putting it in the water. 



The bluestone solution has a corrosive effect on certain metals. It 

 should be prepared and kept only in wooden, iron, brass or copper recep- 

 tacles. The lime solution may be kept in any ordinary receptacle. 



After the Bordeaux Mixture is made up ready for use, it must be 

 used in twenty-four hours. 



Spraying System (with Poisoned Bordeaux Mixture) for Fruit Trees. — 

 The treatments outlined below are such as are necessary to give adequate 

 protection to fruit orchards. It is to be remembered that apples espe- 

 cially will almost always give excellent returns for spraying. With 

 pears the result is nearly always good, though not so marked as with 

 apples, and this remark applies to plums also. With peaches the result 

 is much less certain. 



Pig. 2.— Unsprayed (at left) and Sprayed (at right) Winesap Apples, from 

 J. W. Spainhour, King, N. C. Mr. Spainhour sent these as fair average 

 (not selected) samples showing the difference between fruit on sprayed and 

 unsprayed trees. Four-fifths of actual size. (Photo by Z. P. Metcalf.) 



Apple. — Give three (or four) treatments each spring and summer, as 

 follows : 



1. Late February or early March, before buds open. 



2. Just after blossoms fall, promptly. 



3. Two weeks after second spraying. 



4. (If apples rot on trees). When fruit is about grown, but not yet 

 colored. 



Of these treatments the second (just after blossoms fall) is much the 

 most important. 



The principal pests which will he destroyed by these treatments are: 

 Tent Caterpillars, Fall Webworms, Caterpillars (all other kinds), Cod- 

 ling Moth, and (to slight extent) Curculio ; also, among the fungus dis- 

 eases, leaf rust, apple scab and bitter rot. 



The principal pests which it will not destroy are: Borers (all kinds), 

 Scale Insects (all kinds), Green Apple Louse, Woolly Aphis, and (to 

 large extent) Curculio; also fire blight, a fungus disease. 



Pear. — Subject to most of the same pests, and, therefore, given the 

 same treatment as for apple. 



