18 The Bulletin. 



Without pretending to say a word against any other firms, it may be 

 stated that up to this time (March, 1909) there are two firms which are 

 offering these ready-made remedies which have made special efforts to 

 establish their trade in this State, both of whom have many entirely sat- 

 isfied customers among our people. These are: The B. G. Pratt Co., 

 55 Church Street, New York City, who manufacture the oil preparation 

 known as "Scalecide," and the Thomsen Chemical Co., Baltimore, Md.. 

 who manufacture a remedy known as "Orchard Brand Concentrated 

 Lime-sulphur Solution," and also an oil preparation known as "Soluble 

 Oil." Growers who prefer to avoid the trouble of preparing the Lime- 

 sulphur "Wash may correspond with these firms in regard to their mate- 

 rials, prices, quantity needed, method of using, etc. 



OTHER SPRAYING MIXTURES. 



We have given special prominence to the Bordeaux Mixture (poisoned 

 with Paris green or arsenate of Lead) and to the Lime-sulphur Wash 

 because these two are used far more in this State than all other spraying 

 mixtures combined. There are certain other spraying mixtures which 

 are used more or less frequently for such insect pests as the soft-bodied 

 plant lice or aphids, the soft scales or lecaniums, and for summer appli- 

 cations to check the San Jose Scale. 



Kerosene Emulsion. — This was once the standard remedy for all kinds 

 of scale insects and for most plant lice, and though it has been replaced 

 by the Lime-sulphur Wash as a remedy for San Jose Scale, it is still 

 used by some growers for treatments in spring or summer, when the 

 regular strength of Lime-sulphur Wash cannot be freely used. It is 

 often used against plant lice and some soft-shell species of scale insects. 

 When carefully made and applied as a fine misty spray, it is a very 

 effective insecticide. 



For use on Peach and Plum, we advise that it be used at a strength 

 not greater than 15 per cent oil for treatments in winter and early spring, 

 and not stronger than 10 per cent oil in summer. 



For use on Apple and Pear, it may be used as strong as 25 per cent, 

 or even 50 per cent oil in winter and until the buds open in spring ; but 

 after the buds have opened, we advise that it be used not stronger than 

 15 per cent oil. Some growers have used pure kerosene (without any 

 water at all) and have had good results without injury to trees, but this 

 is dangerous to trees, expensive at best, and is not advisable. 



Here is the usual formula for preparing the Kerosene Emulsion, 

 together with statement of amounts of water to be added to get 10 per 

 cent, or 15 per cent, or 25 per cent, or 50 per cent, of oil : 



Kerosene (coal oil) 2 gallons. 



Laundry, or soft soap V2 pound. 



Water 1 gallon. 



Shave the soap into thin pieces in the water and heat to boiling over 

 fire and stir to dissolve the soap. Then remove from the -fire and pour 

 in the 2 gallons of oil, and churn the whole mixture together vigorously 

 for several minutes. This may be done by pumping it through the 

 spray pump, directing the nozzle back into mixture so that it is sprayed 



