The Bulletin. 21 



The extension pipe should be six to ten feet long, according to the size 

 of trees. We give preference to the "Vermorel" type of nozzles. The 

 "Friend" nozzle (made by the Friend Manufacturing Company) is an 

 excellent one, but costs more. We like to have a stopcock at base of 

 extension pipe. 



Barrel Pumps for Standard. — Considering everything — the cost, the 

 durability, the capacity, the labor we have, the kinds of fruit and the 

 size of our orchards, we believe that for the majority of our people who 

 have or are planting orchards for market purposes the barrel pumps are 

 best, and should be generally considered as the standard. Those with 

 orchards of 1,000 or more apple or 3,000 or more peach may profitably 

 get more elaborate outfits, while those with only about 100 apple or 200 

 peach (or less) may do all right with the smaller pumps. 



A good barrel pump, with two leads of hose, extension pipes, double 

 nozzles, stopcocks, etc., will cost, complete and ready for use, about 

 $25 to $35. It is usually better to order that the pump be fitted into the 

 side of the barrel. If you get the pump alone and fit it into the barrel 

 yourself it will cost less. 



SPRAYING CHEMICALS. 



Lime. — This can usually be had in any village at very cheap rates. 

 For spraying work it should be the fresh unslaked (or "stone") lime. 

 If this cannot be had, the powdered air-slaked lime can be used, but 

 must be carefully sifted and lumps crushed, and twice as much by weight 

 should be used as is recommended for the stone lime. Fresh lime should 

 cost from $1 to $1.20 per barrel. 



Bluestone. — This may be had at any drug store, but can be had more 

 cheaply by ordering in large quantity from some wholesale firm which 

 makes a specialty of handling spraying chemicals. At retail it costs 

 from fifteen to twenty-five cents per pound ; when purchased in quantity, 

 eight to twelve cents. 



Paris Green. — This well-known poison can be found in most general 

 stores in the country, where it retails at twenty-five to forty cents per 

 pound. In quantity it can be had at cheaper rates. 



Arsenate of Lead. — This is a newer poison than Paris green, and is 

 used for the same purposes. It costs less per pound (fifteen to twenty-five 

 cents), but as much greater quantity is used, it is actually more expen- 

 sive. It has the advantage, however, of not settling to the bottom so 

 quickly, and that it can be used on very delicate foliage (such as peach) 

 without burning. It is sold by some large drug manufacturers and by 

 those firms which specialize in spray chemicals. It is not kept by most 

 druggists in this State, but can be ordered through the larger firms. 



Sulphur. — There are two grades of sulphur: "flour of sulphur" and 

 "flowers of sulphur." For making the Lime-sulphur Wash the "flowers" 

 is considered better. Sulphur may be ordered through any drug firm, 

 or perhaps some general stores handle it or can order it. At retail it 

 costs from about fifteen to twenty cents per pound, at wholesale from 

 eight to twelve cents. 



Other Materials. — The other spraying materials mentioned in this Bul- 

 letin — soap, oil, etc. — can be easily procured everywhere at varying rates. 



