39 



of walking; when the horses walked and in addition drew a load, the 

 amounts of water consumed were 28.9 and 35. i pounds; when trotting 

 without a load, 31.3 and 27:6 pounds, and when trotting and drawing 

 a load, 52 and 50. T pounds, respectively. 



In a number of feeding experiments carried on with horses at the 

 experiment stations in the United States the amount of water con- 

 sumed has been recorded. In tests at the New Hampshire Station,^ in 

 which the ration consisted of different grain mixtures, with timothy 

 hay and corn fodder, it was found that the quantity of water con- 

 sumed varied from 70.94 pounds to 90.4 pounds per horse per day. It 

 was observed that both the ration consumed and the amount of work 

 performed influenced the quantity of water drunk, although the indi- 

 viduality of the horse had the most marked effect. 



The amount of Avater consumed by horses on rations of timothy hay 

 and alfalfa hay (with oats) was studied at the Utah Station.* It was 

 found that on an average larger amounts were consumed with the lat- 

 ter than with the former, the average amounts per day being some 

 78.51 and 88.85 pounds, respectively. The greater consumption of 

 water on the alfalfa ration induced a greater elimination by the kid- 

 neys, but so far as could be observed this was not attended by any bad 

 results nor was it found inconvenient. 



At the Oklahoma Station '^ a pair of mules, during hot summer 

 weather, drank 113 pounds of water per head daily, and on one day the 

 pair drank 350 pounds. On an average a pair of mules and horses, 

 each weighing 2,130 pounds, drank 107 pounds of water per head per 

 day while at moderate work. In these tests the grain ration consisted 

 of Kafir corn, maize, oats, and bran. 



The proper time to water horses is a matter concerning which 

 opinions differ. Many feeders believe that they should be watered 

 before feeding, while others are equally certain that feeding should 

 precede watering. Experiments made on this subject at the Utah 

 Station did not lead to definite conclusions. 



The subject was recently investigated by Tangl '^ at Budapest. The 

 rations fed consisted of different mixtures of corn, oats, hay, and straw, 

 and a number of experiments were made in which the only condition 

 which varied was the time of watering. In some of the tests the 

 horses drank before and in some after eating, and in others after the 

 grain portion of the ration was eaten but before tiie hay. 



Regarding these experiments Professor Tangl makes in effect the 

 following statement: So far as was observed the time of drinking had 



a New Hampshire Station Bui. 82. 

 & Utah Station Bui. 77. 

 c Oklahoma Station Rpt. 1899, p. 31. 



^^Landw. Vers. Stat., .57 (1902), p. .329; Twentieth Century Farmer, 1892, No. 

 82, p. 1. 



