94 



Third. Those who may have driven stakes in a e-anal U) Imld fishin<r nets. 



Article 35. Those who may have thrown into the Nile, a canal, or a jniblic drain 

 dead animals or any other snbstanoe which wonld taint the water will he subject to a 

 tine of 200 r. T. ($9.8fi). 



Those in charge of the guards must always remove <lead bodies from the water 

 and bury them. 



Article .36. The penalties, tines, and imprisonments provided for in articles 32, 33, 

 and 34 may be applied separately. 



Article 37. In addition to the prosecution for offenses as above jirovided for, 

 offenders will always be re(|uired to restore jtremises to their former condition, if they 

 refuse, the necessary work will be performed at their exjtense by the government, 

 and the sum expended will be recovered in the manner prescribed in the decree of 

 March 25, 1880. 



Article 38. (Offenders will be tried before a commission composed of the governor, 

 the chief engineer or his deputy, and three prominent citizens of the province, to be 

 chosen by the minister of the interior. 



A majority vote shall decide. 



No appeal may be taken if the sentence carries a line only. 



Where the offender is condemned to impri.«omnent, he may a])peal to a special 

 committee sitting at the ministry of the interior an<l composed (if the under secretary 

 of state as president, a khedival councilor, and a delegate from the ministry of public 

 works. 



The appeal must be lodgeil by a declaration to the jn-ovince or to the government 

 within three days after the decision has been handed down. 



The appeal will not be received unless the party cdinlemned has at that time paid 

 the tine and damages imposed, subject to refund in case of acquittal. 



Article 39. Special regulations of the minister of the interior shall lix the pro- 

 cedure to be followed, whether before the c( unmission or before the special committee. 



AuTKLK 40. The sheiks and watchmen nf the towns and villages, the overseers of 

 the chidiks and ezl)ehs," of the government lands, and of the Daira Sanieh will be 

 held responsible for the safe-keeping <if the dikes and canals and all works of art 

 which may be located within their respective jurisdictions and which have been 

 consigned to their care. In case of offense they will be held personally liable for 

 the expense of repairing the works should the offenders be not apprehended. 



Article 41. The tines and other expenses shall be collected under the provisions 

 of the decree of March 25, 1880. In case the fine is not i)aid, the condemned shall, 

 in lieu thereof, be imprisoned one day for each 30 1'. T, ($1.48) of the due. Such 

 imprisonment will be ordered by the governor. 



Article 42. All previous acts in conflict with this decree are hereby repealed. 



ORDER OF THE MINISTER OF THE INTERIOR OF JULY 16, 1898. 



Article 1. All infractions of the law of February 22, 1894, relative to levees and 

 canals, shall be proven by testimony drawn up and signed by the engineer of the 

 district or by a referee appointed l)y the chief engineer, and signed in addition by 

 the omdeh '' or by one of the sheiks of the village m the province where the offense 

 was committed. 



"Chifiiks are concessions of large areas of land related to the Abadieh lands and 

 ruled by the same decree of 1842. They were given to the vice-royal family exclu- 

 sively. Under Abba Pasha, however, the government ceded some of this land to 

 several high functionaries of the state. 



Ezbehs are hamlets or settlements isolated from neighboring villages, the inhabit- 

 ants not being included in the census of the villages. 



& An omdeh is the chief of a village; he is superior m authority to a sheik. 



