TWO NEW VARIETIES ADAPTED TO CALIFORNIA. 25 



sown as either a winter or spring wheat. If the former, the harvest comes in July; 

 if the latter, the harvest comes in September. If sown in the spring, it is sown just as 

 soon as the snow melts. The spring sowing is most certain to yield a good crop, for the 

 fall sowing must depend upon the rather uncertain snows. This seed, however, is 

 from the fall-sown seed. It 'is selected from over 1,000 poods offered for sale, and is 

 remarkably clean and free from foreign seeds for this region. 



Introduction into California. 



Seed of Chul wheat was first distributed by the United States De- 

 partment of Agriculture in 1903 to a few farmers in California. Since 

 1903 small quantities have been sent out from time to time for the pur- 

 pose of testing its adaptability. In 1904 and 1905 a variety test was 

 commenced in Stanislaus and Sutter counties. This test was in direct 

 charge of an officer of the Department, and has continued up to the 

 present time. A limited distribution of improved seed of Calif ornia- 

 otowii Chul wheat has been made to reliable farmers who are desirous 

 of improving the yield and quality of their crop. 



Description. 



The Chul is an early, erect, and vigorous variety which may be 

 sown as late as February 15 and mature a good crop. It grows to a 

 height of from 2\ to 4 feet and stools freely. The heads are medium 

 long, tapering, and bearded. This variety has a very close-fitting 

 chaff and does not shatter readily. As originally introduced it 

 contained two forms, the one having white chaff, while the other 

 produces red chaff. The kernels are large, long, and translucent in 

 character. They are harder and more glutinous than those of the 

 White Australian wheat. As originally introduced there were also 

 two types of kernels, the one type being amber in color, the other 

 dark red or reddish amber. 



A separation of the red chaff form was made in 1905 at the De- 

 partment's Plant Introduction Garden at Chico, Cal. Since that 

 time the Department has separated the two forms represented by 

 both colors in the original seed. This has been done by starting 

 with single plants which were each characteristic of the form desired. 



Yields Obtained. 



Very promising results have been reported from California to this 

 Department by farmers who have given Chul wheat a trial. In 

 variety tests made by the Department it has made a very favorable 

 showing, excelling the commonly grown varieties in yield to the acre 

 in some sections of the State. 



The average yield to the acre of Chul wheat for 1907, 1908, and 

 1909, as compared with the White Australian, is as follows: 



Chul (G. I. No. 2227) 44.5 bushels. 



Australian (G. I. No. 3019) 35.9 bushels. 



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