HI8TORY OF TREATMENT. 59 



Foln-uary, and 4-0 acn^s of youn^- trees \rit unsprayed. In the Santa 

 Clai-a Valley the sulphur sprays were in general use Wy the leadino- 

 growers in 1893. Mr. A. B. Elder, of Santa Clara, writes, in reply 

 to a eireular letter of November 25 of that year, that this spray is 

 giving good satisfaction for the control of curl and '"is used ))y large 

 growers of peaches." Mr. John Rock, of Niles, Alameda County, 

 Cal., writes, under date of December 28, 1893. that a mixture of lime, 

 sulphur, and salt is a preventive of curl if applied before the flowei- 

 buds expand. 



Bordeaux mixture was used in the winter of 1892-93, in the Carmel 

 Valley, near Old Monterey, with the express purpose of controlling 

 curl. Mr. Daniel Snively, of (nibserville, Cal., writes' that his 

 brother used Bordeaux mixture for the control of this disease, and 

 that its action is '' so certain that any twig not touched is sure to 

 curl.'"' Mr. (ieorge Woolsey, of lone, Amador County, Cal., sprayed 

 his orchard with Bordeaux mixture in the winter of 1892-93, for the 

 express purpose of controlling curl, and as a result of his experiments 

 in the winter of 1891-92, to which reference has already been made. 

 Relative to his work in the spring of 1893, Mr. Woolsey says' that he 

 sprayed all of his apricot trees, but as time pressed he found that he 

 would not be a])le to spray all of his peach trees, so he sprayed the 

 most valuable portion, i. e., the young lower growth, and h^ft the top 

 unsprayed. He states that the season of 1893 was damp, and leaf curl 

 very prevalent in his neighbors' orchards, but on his place all the 

 trees and parts of trees sprayed were exempt, all the others being 

 badly affected by curl and the crop on them almost a failure. A 

 healthy growth on the lower sprayed part of the trees, and the In-anches 

 denuded of foliage on the upper unsprayed part, formed "a most 

 striking object lesson," and, Mr. AVoolsey adds, has made him ''an 

 enthusiast on Bordeaux mixture.'' A few demonstrations such as 

 he obtained in the season of 1893, he remarks, would convince the 

 growers of the profitableness of the work. 



Many peach orchards were sprayed in Oregon in the winter of 

 1892-93. A favorite spray was a combination of the sulphur spray 

 with copper sulphate, although the former was used separately by 

 some growers. The object of the combined spray was to unite, as far 

 as possible, the insecticidal qualities of the sulphur spray with the 

 fungicidal qualities of the copper salts. =' The winter application of 

 ammoniacal copper carbonate was tested in Oregon also, by Mr. M. O. 

 Lownsdale, of Lafayette. In reply to the circular letter dated Nov- 

 ember 25, 1893, Mr. Lownsdale says he had fair success in prevent- 

 ing curl with lime, sulphur, and salt applied in the winter, followed 



' Reply to circular letter of Nov. 25, 1893. 



2 Letter dated lone, Cal., Mar. 26, 1894. 



* See results of the tests of combined sprays made by the writer, pp. 84, 86, 117, 118. 



