THE NAME OF THE FUNGUS. 29 



necessary to rename the genus. The name Glomerella is suggested by 

 the writers. The bitter- rot fungus would accordingly become Glom- 

 erella rufomarnhinx (Berk.) Spaulding & von Schrenk, with the fol- 

 lowing synonymy: 



Glom^reUa rufomaculans (Berk.) Spaulding & von Schrenk." 

 Septoria rufo-maculans, Berk. (1854, Gard. Chronicle, p. 676). 

 Ascochyta rufo-maculans, Berk. (1860, Outlines of British Fungology, p. 320). 

 Gloeosporium rufo-maculans, (Berk. ) v. Thiimen (1-879, Fungi Pomicoli, p. 59). 

 Gloeosporium, fructigenum, Berk. (1856, Gard. Chronicle, p. 245). 

 Glceosporium laeticolor, Berk. (1859, Gard. Chronicle, p. 604). 

 Glaosporium versicolor, Berk, and Curt. (1874, Grevillea 3: 13). 

 Gnom&niopsis fructigena, (Berk.) Clinton (1902, Bull. 111. Agr. Exp. Sta.). 



The new genus Glomerella stands practically for the genus Gnomoni- 

 opsis Stoneman, and accordingly includes all the species, four in num- 

 ber, which were placed by her in the genus Gnomoniopsis, i. e., they 

 become Glomerella cingvlata (Atk.) Spaulding & von Schrenk, Glom- 

 erella pvperata (E. & E.) Spaulding & yon Schrenk, Glomerella cincla 

 (Berk, and Curt.) Spaulding & von Schrenk, Glomerella ruMcolor 

 (E. & E.) Spaulding & von Schrenk. 



Glomerella rufomaculans may be described, using the description 

 given by Clinton (1902), which agrees with the finding of the writers 

 so well that it fully covers all points. 



Glomerella n. n. [Gnomoniopsis Stoneman, not Berlese). Perithecia membrana- 

 ceous, dark brown, spherical to flask-shaped, often rostrate, sometimes evidently hairy, 

 caspitose or more or less compound and immersed in a stroma with which they often 

 form an evident hard cushion; asci oblong to clavate, often fugacious, aparaphysate; 

 ascospores hyaline, apparently eight, distichous, oblong, usually slightly curved, uni- 

 cellular. Permanent stage of Gkesporium-like fungi. 



Glomerella rufomaculans (Berk.) Spaulding & von Schrenk. Permanent stage devel- 

 oping on decayed pomaceous fruits; forming stromatie cushions (often concealed by 

 dark olive mycelial felt), which contain immersed and more or less compounded, 

 subspherical perithecia; asci subclavate, often slightly pedicellate, fugacious 55-70 j* 

 in length, ascospores alantoid, with evident central hyaline area chiefly 12-22 /ti by 

 3.5-5 /.i- Gkesporium stage causing rotting of pomaceous fruits; sori small, develop- 

 ing more or less in concentric circles, usually soon rupturing and oozing out spores 

 in small pinkish masses; spores greenish,'' chiefly oblong, unicellular, with evident 

 hyaline areas when fresh, 10-28 /.i by 3.5-7 it, but chiefly 12-16 // by 4-5 it. 



To this must be added: The fungus forms cankers on apple limbs, bearing both 

 conidia and perithecia. 



THE CANKER STAGE. 

 DISCOVERY OF THE CANKER. 



The sudden appearance of the bitter-rot fungus late in the summer 

 and its equally sudden disappearance in the early winter have long 

 excited conjecture as to where the spores which affected the first apples 

 every year came from. Diseased apples of a previous your hanging 



"The writers have dropped tin- hyphen from rufo-maculans in order to simplify 



the name, as was done by Cooke (1885). 



b Changed by the writers. The original says " hyaline." 



