34 SUMMEE APPLES IN THE MIDDLE ATLANTIC STATES. 



For the purpose of aiding to establish the correct identity of this variety a detailed 

 description of it follows: Form roundish; size large; cavity regular, medium size, 

 deep, abrupt with some russet markings extending over base; stem short, medium 

 stout; basin regular, medium size, slope gradual, furrowed and russeted; eye very 

 large, open; surface moderately smooth except ribbing; color yellow, with delicate 

 blush on some specimens, sometimes small patches of russet; dots variable, mostly 

 small; flesh yellow, medium-fine texture, juicy; core round, conic, clasping, medium 

 size, partially open; flavor subacid, rather rich; quality good to very good. Its 

 ripening season extends over a considerable period, beginning in the North Carolina 

 section by the middle of July and continuing through August. 



Under good conditions this would doubtless be a satisfactory sort for southern lati- 

 tudes of low elevation, both for home use and local markets. 



Jeflferis. 



This is a native variety of Pennsylvania, having originated with Mr. Isaac Jefferis, 

 Newlin Township, Chester County. It was awarded a premium offered by the Pennsyl- 

 vania Horticultural Society for the best seedling exhibited in 1848. It is quite 

 widely distributed through the North, but is to be found mostly in the older orchards. 

 It is almost unknown in this region, having been observed in only two or three orchards 

 which are widely separated from one another. 



The fruit is medium in size, oblate; greenish yellow with broken stripes of crimson; 

 sprightly subacid; quality, very good. It has a comparatively long season, which 

 in the Virginia section of this region begins about July 20. Its high dessert quality 

 commends it for home use and a fancy retail trade, but it is too small for general 

 commercial purposes. It would apparently do well in the central and northern 

 sections of this region under good cultural conditions. 



Jersey Sweet. 



The origin of this variety is doubtful, but New Jersey is commonly supposed to 

 be the section whence it came. It is quite widely distributed in the North, 

 though it is not extensively grown. It exists in a few orchards in the central sections 

 of this region, but is unknown to most of the growers. 



The fruit is medium to large, roundish; yellow undercolor washed with mixed 

 light red, splashed and striped with bright crimson; sweet, rich; of very good dessert 

 quality. In the Virginia section it usually begins to ripen from the 10th to the middle 

 of August. It may be worthy of consideration as a sweet variety for this region and 

 is referred to here primarily to call attention to its possible value. 



July. Synonym: Fourth of July . 



This variety, which is of the Tetofski type, is said to have reached this country 

 from Cassel, Germany, and to have been introduced by Mr. C. F. Jaeger, Columbus, 

 Ohio. On the other hand, another account states that it was introduced into Eng- 

 land from Russia during the lifetime of Mr. Thomas Andrew Knight, and thence 

 found its way into Virginia. From this section it was disseminated northward and 

 westward under the name Fourth of July, its original name having been lost. Though 

 apparently more or less distributed in various sections of the country, it remains 

 unknown to most fruit growers. In this region it is confined primarily to the Chesa- 

 peake peninsula section. 



The tree makes a vigorous upright growth, with large, glossy, rather coarse foliage. 

 (See fig. 4.) It begins to bear young, trees 3 and 4 years old frequently producing 

 some fniit, but it does not reach full bearing as young as some varieties do, neither 

 has it proved as uniformly productive. Some orchards which have been planted 

 10 to 12 years have not yet borne much fruit, though light crops have been produced 

 for several years. The general conditions, however, in the particular orchards in 

 question are not materially different, so far as can be determined, from those of other 

 orchards in which more satisfactory results have been obtained. The fruit is above 

 194 



