DISCUSSION OF VARIETIES. 31 



sively grown. It is quite widely distributed in the New Jersey and Chesapeake 

 peninsula sections, but is seldom seen in other portions of this region. 



The tree is a strong upright grower and apparently long lived. (See fig. 3.) It is 

 slow in coming into bearing. As a rule, only very light crops are borne before the trees 

 are 10 or 12 years old, or even considerably older in some cases. The fruit is small to 

 medium; roundish conic; yellowish undercolor, frequently almost entirely overspread 

 with red, sometimes striped with darker red; texture rather firm; very good to best in 

 dessert quality. The season of ripening begins about the middle of July in central 

 Delaware and lasts for two or three weeks, the fruit ripening very gradually. Several 

 pickings are therefore necessary. 



Opinions differ widely in regard to the value of this sort. It is considered one of 

 the most profitable by some; others regard it as practically worthless commercially. 

 The late-bearing habits of the tree have already been mentioned. This is a serious 

 objection to many growers. Unless thoroughly sprayed, the fruit usually scabs very 

 badly. It is too small for ordinary commercial purposes, but on account of its attrac- 

 tive appearance- and high dessert quality it is well suited to a personal market or some 

 special trade. It is said to bring fancy prices at some of the summer resorts along the 

 coast of New Jersey and Delaware. It is thus evident that satisfactory results can be 

 realized only when the fruit is grown under high culture and is skillfully marketed. 



English Codlin. 



As the name suggests, this variety is of English origin. It is cultivated very little 

 in this country. In this region it is confined almost exclusively to the New Jersey 

 section. 



The tree is a good grower. Fruit roundish oblate; large; yellowish green, with 

 bronzing on exposed side; subacid; quality good, especially desirable for cooking. 



The place which this sort fills in the early-apple growing industry of the New Jersey 

 section is rather distinct from that held by most other early varieties. As indicated 

 elsewhere most of the early apples are marketed in baskets or other small packages, 

 but this variety is generally shipped in barrels. It meets with special favor in the 

 Boston markets, where very satisfactory prices are usually realized. It does not reach 

 maturity in this section until the last of August or first of September, but it develops to 

 a good size for culinary purposes, for which it is especially valued a month previous to 

 this time, and as soon as it is large enough to cook harvesting and shipping are generally 

 begun. Wliile in some sections it may be held until fully matured, the above method 

 is said to be one of the most satisfactory ways of handling it in New Jersey. 



The variety is particularly well adapted to the heavier soils in this section, and when 

 the trees are well cared for, nearly annual crops are produced. A single grower in the 

 Virginia section of this region has reported this variety. In this case it is highly 

 prized. 

 Fanny. 



The Fanny apple originated in Lancaster County, Pa. It is referred to in the 

 revision of Downing's "Fruits and Fruit Trees of America" for 1869 as "a new 

 apple of great promise as a market sort." It is not, however, very much grown in any 

 section. It is in a few orchards in the New Jersey and Chesapeake peninsula sections, 

 but is relatively unimportant at present. 



The tree is a fine grower in the nursery, of upright habit, and good vigor. In the 

 orchard it is only moderately productive. In fact, some growers offer this as one objec- 

 tion to it. The fruit is medium or above in size; clear yellow undercolor, overspread 

 with bright red, showing some stripes of a darker shade; pleasant subacid flavor; good 

 to very good. 



Its season in central Delaware is the last of July and early August, though it fre- 

 quently extends over a considerable period. As a commercial variety for this region 

 it is of doubtful value. In at least one orchard which is in a good state of cultivation, 

 the fruit nearly all drops soon after it sets. Some growers speak of it as quite irregular 

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