80 AMERICAN VARIETIES OF GARDEN BEANS. 



tion for use as most of the absolutely stringless varieties. Pods too small for good green 

 shell beans and plant generally less productive than Refugee and Byer's Bush. Of 

 same general usefulness and value as Burpee's Stringless Green Pod ard Extra Early 

 Refugee, differing from the latter principally in color of seed, taller vine, more open 

 habit, and more fleshy pods. Differs from Cream Valentine and ^^^lite Valentine only 

 in color of seed and greater productiveness. Quite different from Black Valentine in 

 color of seed, smaller vine, and thicker, tenderer pods. 



Synonyms. — Buckbee's Early Wonder Bush, Buist's Early Lightning Valentine, 

 Early "Wonder Bush, Lightning Valentine, Wood's Earliest Red Valentine. 



Confusing names. — Black Valentine, Brown-Speckled Valentine, Cream Valentine, 

 Giant Valentine, WTiite Valentine, all of which are very different from Red Valentine. 



History. — Known in this country at least since 1845. The present day type is quite 

 different from the flat-podded type in common use previous to 1870. 



Illustrations. — Dry seeds are shown on Plate 1, 13; snap pods on Plate VII, 3; and 

 leaf on Plate XXIII, 6; cross sections of snap pods are similar to Burpee's Stringless 

 Green Pod (PL V, 13), differing principally in smaller size. 



REFUGEE. 



Listed by 115 seedsmen. Seeds tested: F. Bolgiano, 1903; Burpee, 1901; Farquhar, 

 1901; Ferry, 1899-1901, 1903; Grenell, 1905; Haskell, 1903; Keeney, 1904-1906; Liv- 

 ingston, 1901: Maule, 1905; Philipps, 1903; Rogers, 1904; Thorburn, 1901, 1902. 



Description of round- podded type. — Plant very large, very spreading, with many 

 semirunners and drooping branches lying loosely over ground, slender stemmed, 

 green throughout, very late, very long in bearing, very heavily productive. I^eaf 

 small, light grayish green, very narrow across leaflets, of smooth sm-face, of very long 

 petiole. Flowers pink. Snap pods imiform in size, medium long, slightly cvu-ved, 

 round, medium green, brittle, stringy, of inappreciable liber, of good quality, fairly 

 free from anthracnose. Point of pod long and curved. Green shell pods Ijorne well 

 below foliage, splashed with reddish purple, .quite full on outside between seeds, about 

 5| inches long, and usually containing 6 seeds crowded in pod. Dry pods, mod- 

 erately hard to thrash. Dry seeds of medium size, slender, roundish through cross 

 section, truncate or rounded at ends, straight at eye, mostly violet-purple, but always 

 more or less splashed with pale buff. 



Description of flat-podded type. — Same as above except pods are flattish oval in shape, 

 somewhat tough, more stringy, and of fair quality. 



Comparison of round-podded type. — One of the five most largely grown bush sorts, and 

 the only late snap bean planted to any extent in this country. Largely grown by 

 southern gardeners for northern shipment and more extensively used by canners than 

 any other variety. One of the most hardy, reliable, and productive of all snap beans, 

 the only late, round-podded sorts comparing with it in these respects being Golden 

 Refugee and Byer's Bush. Too nan-ow podded for good green shell beans. M'ore like 

 Golden Refugee than any other, differing i^rincipally in color of seed, larger vine, a 

 few days later season, and darker colored pods. Differs from Extra Early Refugee 

 principally in greater productiveness, later season, larger vine, and longer, straighter 

 pods. 



Comparison of flat-podded type. — Now largely replaced by the improved strain 

 described above, which, because of its rounder, tenderer, and less stringy pods, is 

 generally regarded as by far the best strain. 



Synonyms. — Brown-Speckled Valentine, Thousand to One, Late Prolific Refugee. 

 Confusing names. — Extra Early Refugee, Golden Refugee, Galega Refugee, 

 McKinley Refugee, Silver Refugee, all of which are very different from Refugee. 



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