46 



Fig. 14. 



Penny-cress, Bastard-cress, French Weed, Wild Garlic, or 



Stink-Weed. 



Thlaspi arvense, (L). 



A winter annual, introduced from Europe, and a very bad weed. 

 It is very abundant in Manitoba and is becoming rather common in 

 Ontario. It grows as an erect plant, with a number of branches from 

 the upper part. The leaves are numerous during the first of the sea- 

 son, and clasp the stem by ear-line lobes. The Howers are white and 

 small, with spreading Hower stalks. The pods which succeed the 

 flower are very characteristic. They are nearly orbicular, about half 

 an inch broad, quite flat, with a bi-oad wing all around, and notched 

 at the top. Fig. 14 shows this peculiarity. Each pod produces about 

 twelve seeds, which are dark brown to black and oval in shape, with 

 curved lines. An average plant produces about 20,000 seeds. 



The plant has a peculiar odour, resembling that of garlic, hence 

 some of the common names. The seed also has a very pungent taste. 

 When eaten by milch cows, it imparts a disagreeable flavor to the 

 milk. 



Time of flowering, May-September. 



Time of seeding, June-September. 



Dispersal — chiefly by the wind. 



Eradication. Continuous growing of hoed crops wi£h thorough 

 cultivation thereof, followed by heavy seeding with rye. In places 

 where the weed is very thick, mowing and burning is a good remedy. 

 The method outlined for eradicating Mustard is applicable to this weed. 

 (Fig. 15). 



