8 



In fowls that had l)een sick a long time, catarrh and intlammation of the 

 bowels set in (hens 3, 4, 13, and 18). The fowls then stopped eating alto- 

 gether. A severe, putrid diarrhoea followed ; the feathers around the cloaca 

 became smeared and matted with greyish-yellow, fluid excrement ; and tht- 

 fowls soon became as thin as skeletons, and usually died from loss of strength. 



General Symptoms 



Corresponding to the polymorphic local appearances of roup, the general 

 symptoms are also very different. As long as the disease exists only in the 

 form of simple catarrh of the nose, slight affections of the mucous membranes 

 of the mouth, and of the lungs, the general condition is quite normal. In all 

 chronic, or more severe cases, especially after the appearance of swellings on 

 the face and eye-lids, the general condition is disturbed. The sick fowls 

 become weak, separate themselves from the other birds, and cower in a corner 



Fig. 5.— Section through the newly formed diphtheric 

 membrane from hen No. 28. a. Swollen epithelial 

 nuceli which stained but slightl.v. b. Remains of 

 epithelial nuclei associated with Kitt's "Molluscum 

 bodies" in the epithelial cells. 



Fij;. (i. — Cover-glass preparation from the upper 

 epithelial layer under a false membrane of 

 hen No. 18 stained with niethyelene blue. 

 a. Much swollen epithelial nuclei with or 

 without nucleoli, c. Nuclei of leucocvtes. 



of the yard with head drawn close to the body. The eyes are kept shut, and 

 the head is often drawn under the wings, so that the feathers are smeared witli 

 the secretions and fall out. The birds often wake up from this sleeping posi- 

 tion, rise, open their eyes, shake themselves, scratch the swollen places with 

 their feet, walk around a few steps, and take some food or water, and sink 

 back again into their apathetic condition. Usually the disturbance of the gen- 

 eral condition fluctuates, that is. the birds for a few days often appear in better 

 condition, or normal, and then become worse again. Towards death, they 

 lie down on the floor of the cage and usually do not get up again. 



At first, the appetite is not impaired ; later, it fails, but often continues for 

 a long time. The taking of food may become quite impossible from purely 



