We notice from the table here presented that the barley again 

 comes ahead of the oats in number of pounds of grain per acre. The 

 barley is followed by the Emmer and the Joanette oats, which have 

 given exactly the same yield of grain per acre. It might be well to 

 here mention that, on the average, barley has about 12 to 15 per cent., 

 Emmer about 22 per cent., and oats about 30 per cent, of hull. The 

 Joanette variety of oats, however, has a particularly thin hull, the aver- 

 age percentage of hull being only about 23 per cent. Of the crops 

 under experiment, the Mandscheuri barley. Black Hulless barley, 

 Alaska oats, and White Hulless barley were the earliest; and the Com- 

 mon Spring vetches, and the Wild Goose spring wheat were the latest 

 in reaching maturity. There is not much difference in the strength 

 of straw of the Mandscheuri barley and the Common Emmer. Both, 

 however, are considerably stronger than that of the Black Hulless bar- 

 ley. It should be remembered that the results presented in the last 

 two tables are obtained from plots, and that the results taken from the 

 reports of the Bureau of Industries were obtained from large areas of 

 land. 



Barley. 



Barley is one of the hardiest of the cereals and can be raised through 

 a great range of climate. It is cultivated with success north of the 

 Arctic circle, and at high altitudes in the torrid zone. This crop has 

 been under cultivation in the southern part of Europe from the earliest 

 I'^nes. 



Barley was formerly grown extensively in Ontario for shipment to 

 the United States for malting purposes. The high tariff placed on 

 barley by the United States Government, however, was instrumental 

 in shutting out a large quantity of the Ontario barley from the mar- 

 kets of that country. The acreage, therefore, decreased from year to 

 year, until the introduction of large yielding varieties for feeding pur- 

 poses and the demands of the live stock industry called for a greater 

 amount of valuable feed. By examining the reports of the Bureau of 

 Industries, we find that the acreage of barley in Ontario has increased 

 no less than seventy-six per cent, within the past seven years. In 1904, 

 there were upwards of three-quarters of a million acres of Ontario lands 

 devoted to the growing of this important crop. 



Varieties of Six-rowed Barley. Ontario seems particularly 

 adapted to the growing of six-rowed barley; hence a good deal of at- 

 tention has been given by the Experimental Department to secure those 

 varieties which would likely give better results throughout the Prov- 

 ince than the kinds which had been grown in former years. In the 

 five years from 1889 to 1893, eighty-six different varieties of barley- 

 were grown in the experimental grounds. After five years' tests were 

 completed, the poorest varieties were dropped from the experiment, 

 and those which proved the most successful were retained for future 

 experiments. New varieties were added from time to time, all of which 



