10 



Again, we note that the average amount of protein in ordinary bran is 

 approximately fifteen per cent., while in the by-product under discussion 

 the protein content drops to less than ten per cent., which is slightly 

 above the minimum allowable percentage of protein in any feed. The 

 least quantity of protein that any food should contain is 7 per cent. 

 That is to say, it is doubtful if any feed with less than 7 per cent, of pro- 

 tein is a wise purchase unless under exceptional circumstances. Even 

 average cob meal contains nearly 8 per cent, protein. Experiments 



have shown that, as a rule, when the quantity of protein present in a feed 

 falls below 7 per cent, its place is taken by crude fibre, consequently the 

 purchaser does not receive any greater amount, if as much, of the more di- 

 gestible forms of carbohydrates than if the protein were furnished. The 

 by-product at present under discussion proves to be quite a marked ex- 

 ception to the general rule. In a series of digestion experiments which 

 we have conducted with this food, we have found that not only is there 

 a very high percentage of digestible soluble carbohydrates present, but 

 the crude fibre also possesses a high digestion co-eflficient. It must also 

 be remembered in this connection that in the samples of Beeswing ex- 

 amined we found more than 7 per qent. of protein. 



Cotton Seed Meal. 



This by-product in the manufacture of cottonseed oil contained in 

 the following manner : The hull of the cottonseed is removed, the kernel 

 is then cooked and subjected to pressure to remove the oil. The residue 

 (cotton seed cakes) is then pulverized. 



The five samples examined were fairly constant in composit^ion. 

 Cottonseed meal is rich in protein, and contains also a high percentage 

 of ether extract or fat. 



This by-product must be used with caution, as calves and pigs have 

 been killed by continued use of this food. In the case of milch cows a 

 few pounds per day may be fed, but many owners of live stock regard it 

 as very dangerous food to place at the disposal of the ordinary hired man, 

 because carelessness in regard to the number of pounds of this by-pro- 

 duct fed will very quickly result in serious derangement of the digestive 

 organs of the animals. Furthermore, in a ration for young pigs it has 

 been frequently noticed that if cottonseed meal be used to balance a 

 ration of these animals, the animals are apparently poisoned thereby. 

 For the average feeder, therefore, the advice would be to leave cotton- 

 seed meal out of a ration intended for these animals. 



Cotton Seed Hulls. 



Four samples of cotton seed hulls were analyzed. As will be noticed, 

 the percentage of protein is very low. Average percentage 4.45. The 

 percentage of crude fibre is very high. This by-product is not recom- 

 mended as a cattle food, as it contains a very low percentage of protein 



