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not consider it a safe food to place on the hands of hired men. Many 

 cases of milk fever and other diseases in dairy herds have been attributed 

 to indiscriminate use of cotton seed meal. This food may be fed to 

 advantage if care is observed as to the amount fed per day, the age of 

 the animal, etc. All things considered, it might be wiser to make up any 

 deficiency in protein in a ration by feeding another of the by-products 

 mentioned (linseed meal for example). The addition of cotton seed meal 

 to a ration for calves or pigs results in serious derangement of the diges- 

 tive organs of these animals. 



Pea meal, linseed meal, maize gluten, gluten feed, middlings, and 

 wheat bran are by-products which contain a large quantity^ of protein, 

 and are, therefore, most valuable components for a ration intended for 

 dairv cows. For fattening pigs, good results have been obtained from 

 a mixture of skim milk and low grade flour. Shorts is an excellent food 

 for young pigs. Oat dust and other feeds of like composition, if pure, 

 furnish nutritive materials at economical prices. The purchaser must, 

 however, be on his guard, as frequently feeds are presented for sale on 

 our m.arkets which are heavily adulterated with foreign material of little 

 value. Only to-day a sample of what was supposed to be wheat bran 

 was sent to our laboratory. Upon examination we found this sample 

 to be adulterated with large quantities of finely ground barley bran. 

 From the result of our investigation, however, we are convinced that 

 goods obtained from the local manufacturers are usually of good 

 quality. In some instances we have found the nutritive materials, es- 

 pecially protein, present in smaller quantities than we might have ex- 

 pected, but in most cases this deficiency was due, not to adulteration, but 

 to the poor quality of the grain from which the by-product was obtained. 



Regarding mill feed, oat hulls and such low grade materials little 

 need be said. The tables of composition show them to be entirely 

 unfit to feed as substitutes for pea meal, linseed cake, and such nitrogen- 

 ous materials. There are cases, however, in which these feeding-stuffs 

 might be used to advantage, but the feeder is likely to be misled in the 

 purchase of these materials, because the price asked, judged from the 

 cost of standard food materials would indicate value which they do not 

 possess. Economical purchase, however, does not imply the purchase 

 of the lowest priced foods. As previously observed many of the waste 

 products of our mills are not altogether worthless, but it is important that 

 purchasers should know what they are and what relation they bear to the 

 standard feeds. In some cases finely ground materials are sold under 

 fancy names and these in many instances are essentially inferior to ordi- 

 nary farm roughage. Feeders of live stock should not be deceived m 

 such a case by false claims or a fancy name, suggesting good quality or 

 good origin. Purchasers are, therefore, advised to be on their guard in 

 the selection of some of these so-called cheap by-products. It is safer, as 

 a rule, to buy standard foods as their quality may be pretty accurately 

 judged. 



