6 



2. Is the plant affected by other conditions, such as cold, dew, rain, 

 etc ? 



3. Study the structure of the head, and locate the involucre, rays, and 

 disk. 



4. What difference between the ray and disk florets ? Draw one of. 

 each, and name the parts. 



5. Do the stamens and pistils mature at the same time ? 



6. What insects visit the flowers ? 



7. Describe and draw the fruit. 



8. To what family does the Sunflower belong-? Name other members.. 



Garden Nasturtium. 



Examine flowers in all stages of maturity, and answer the following 

 questions : 



1. Describe the position of the stamens before the pollen is ripe; 

 when the pollen is ripe. Are all the stamens ripe at the same time ? 



2. Describe the position and condition of the style with reference to 

 the stamens at different deg^rees of ripeness. 



3. What is the use of the spur ? Are there "guide lines" to the open- 

 ing of the spur? What is their position? 



4. Why does not the flower stand erect? 



5. Make drawings of the flower. 



[Consult Newell's Outlines of Botany.] 



V. The Dandelion. 



1. Determine the arrangement of the Leaves of the Dandelion ; what 

 is the purpose of this arrangement? Number and shape of the leaves? 

 Do you see any special adaptations ? What about the leaves of Dande- 

 lions growing in long grass? Under boards? 



2. Where is the Stem of the Dandelion ? Determine its length andi 

 thickness. Account for the circular markings and scars on the stem. 

 What special advantages in such a short stem ? 



3. Describe the Root of a Dandelion which has been dug up and 

 washed carefully. Account for the development of so many rootlets. 



4. To what family of plants does the Dandelion belong ? Why ? 

 Is the Dandelion a highly evolved plant compared with the Buttercup? 

 Why? 



5. Where are the flower-buds found ? Their covering and shape ?' 

 Have a cluster of Dandelions under observation for a week or more, and; 

 determine when the huds open; when they close; how often a flower will 

 open; hozv long a period of sunlight is necessary to make them open. 



6. Study the opening of the bracts during- the flowering period. Of 

 what advantage to the plant is this opening and closing of the bracts ? 



