8 



4. What is the economy of leaf-fall ? 



5. Keep a record of the dates of (1) the beg-inning- of coloring, (2) 

 the color, and (3) the changes of color of leaves in autuum. 



6. .What is the probable influence of (1) frost, (2) oblique rays of 

 sun, (3) diminishing water supply, (4) lower tempc ature, (5) declining 

 activities of leaf, in autumn coloration. Discuss. 



7. What new buds have been formed? How are they located with 

 reference to the leaf? How many buds to a leaf? 



VIII. Germinating Seeds. 



1. Soak seeds of beans, peas, corn, squash, onion for a few hours 

 in water. 



2. Observe and draw external appearences, naming the various 

 parts. 



3. Compare structure of these seeds. 



4- Germinate some of these in moist sand or loose soil, and ex- 

 amine every day for development. Make drawings to show the changes. 



5. Determine how the young plants get out of the seed coat in each 

 case. 



6. What is the result if the seed is planted upside down? 



7. Compare the habits and form of the Cotyledons of the different 

 seeds. 



8- As separate problems, determine the influence of warmth, mois- 

 ture and air on germination, by suitable experiments. 



IX. The Scarlet Runner Bean. 



1. Compare with the Wild Cucumber and Pumpkin. 



2. Germinate about 100 seeds. 



3. Make drawings of the various stages in the germination of the 

 seed. Compare the first pair of leaves produced with those that are 

 produced afterwards. Draw them. 



4. Its method of using the tendrils. 



5. (a) Note the general shape of the tendrils. 



(b) Do they grow rapidly? Measure one and see. 



(c) Does the tendril always point in the same direction? 



(d) Note the direction it moves. 



(o) How far docs it move, i.e., through how great an angle? 



(f) Does it always move in the same plane? or does it move up 

 and down as well as from right to left? 



(g) Is there any advantage to the plant in having its tendrils 

 move through an arc in this way? 



