31 



(c) Note the holes made by the Siipsiicker. How arc they arrano-ed? 

 What is the object of the holes? Is it a friend or a foe? ** 



(d) Watch the Red-headed Woodpecker; what is the nature of its 

 food ? 



(e) Describe and draw the Red-headed Woodpecker. 



(/) Compare the Dow7iy and Hairy Woodpeckers. What is the 

 nature of their food ? Are they friends or foes ? 



(g) How do Woodpeckers drum? W'hat is the difference between 

 the tap and the drum? 



(h) How does the woodpecker use its tail in climbing-? What is the 

 arrangement of its toes? 



(i) Describe the Flicker. Compare it with the other woodpeckers. 



(j) Compare the male and female flickers and other woodpeckers as 

 to color and markingfs. 



(fe) Watch a flicker feeding its young. 



(/) What woodpeckers are winter birds? Find out when the others 

 come and go. 



LIV. The Robin. 



1. Movements. Describe the movement of the robin on the ground ; 

 and its manner of flight. Compare its flight with that of the Swallow,' 

 Song Sparrow, Meadow Lark, Red-headed Woodpecker. What are the 

 characteristic movements of the Robin? 



2. Song and Call. How many different calls can you detect? Imi- 

 tate them. What is the apparent meaning of each call? At what sea- 

 sons does the Robin sing? Does it sing at night? Wlien raining? 



3. Color and Shape. Are the males and females of the same color 

 and size? Are the young of the same color as the old? What parts 

 are dark? Pure black? White? Red? When does the Robin moult? 

 Draw the robin. 



4. Xest and Eggs. Determine the time occupied in building the 

 nest and in brooding. When does it begin to make a nest ? Where 

 does it build? Of what is the nest built? Is the nest used more than 

 once? How often each season does the Robin brood? How long be- 

 fore the first egg is hatched? What is the number, shape, and color of 

 the eggs? When does the mother bird leave the nest to feed? 



5. Food. What is the most common food of the Robin? When 

 is the Robin not beneficial? What is the food of the young? Compare 

 the food of the Robin with that of the Bluebird, Wood Thrush, Hairy 

 Woodpecker, etc. 



6. General Questions. Where do the Robins pass the winter? 

 What is the exact date of leaving your locality? And return? Do the 

 same Robins return every spring to the same localities? Compare the 

 nesting habits of the Robin with those of the other members of the 



