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There are two common methods of top grafting. Whip or tongue 

 grafting, which is practised upon small branches and young trees. 

 Cleft grafting, which is usually performed on branches from one-half 

 to two inches in diameter. 



a 



I 



"^Vhip grafting (a) scion and stock prepared, (b) same placed together, (c) tied. 



Cleft grafting (a) splitting the stock, (b) scion, (e) scion inserted in cleft of stock. 



In whip grafting the stock is cut with a bevel about one-inch long, 

 and the scion cut to fit that bevel. Both bevels are cut into slightly 

 and the tongue of one fitted into the notch of the other. The cambium 

 layers must be in contact on at least one side. After the scion is set 

 the wound should be covered with wax or similar substance to exclude th§ 



