14 WHEAT RESISTANCE TO TOXTC SALTS. 



acteristics that make it preferable for the experiments described here. 

 As a whole, it is inferior to the Turkey wheat, being less resistant to 

 drought, and it is grown principality in regions which have a greater 

 annual rainfall. Zimmerman wheat has two good qualities to rec- 

 ommend it — it is l)eardless and ripens from four days to a week ear- 

 lier than other varieties in the same locality. It is a fairly hardy 

 sort, and is as resistant as the average variety to the cold of severe 

 winters. It is best adapted for cultivation in southern Kansas, 

 Oklahoma, northern Texas, Missouri, Kentucky, Tennessee, Arkan- 

 sas, and farther southw-ard. This region has a much larger annual 

 rainfall than the one inhal)ited by the Turkey variety, with the 

 exception of the States in common— Kansas, Oklahoma, and Texas. 



KHARKOr. 



The seed used of the Kharkof variety of wheat {Triticvm rnlgare) 

 w\as obtained by the United States Department of Agriculture from 

 the Agricultural Society of Kharkof, Russia, in the Starobielsk 

 district. Kharkof is in the southern part of Russia, about oOO miles 

 north of the Black Sea and about 350 miles west of the Volga River. 

 The winters are very dry and at no season of the 3^ear is the rainfall 

 great. Kharkof is a red-bearded, hardy winter wheat. The seed 

 was obtained from the crop grown in Russia during the season of 

 1902. 



PADUI. 



Seed of the Padui variety {Trit'inim riiJf/are) was obtained from 

 Saratof, in eastern Russia. Saratof is located on the Volga River, 

 about 100 miles from its outlet into the Caspian Sea. Padui is a 

 soft or semihard winter wheat, and is adapted to all northern winter- 

 wheat States from Xew York to Kansas and southward to the thirty- 

 fifth parallel. The seed with which these tests have been made was 

 imported directly from Russia. Padui is very resistant to drought, 

 the rainfall in the region where it is grown falling as low as 12 to 

 15 inches per annmn. This variety is cultivated to some extent in 

 the same region as Kul)anka (descril^ed later), and, therefore, is sul)- 

 iected to the same climate and probably to the same soil conditions. 



CHUL. 



Dr. PI A. Bessey describes the conditions under which the Chul 

 variety {Tritieum vvlgare) is grown in Turkestan and in the south- 

 ern part of central Asia, about Samarkand. It is found more or 

 less in this whole steppe region, from which it derives its name, 

 Chul meaning steppes. It is a hard grain and grows without irri- 

 gation, vields two harvests, and can be sown as either winter or 



