VARIETIES SELECTED. 15 



spniiii- wheat. The seed for these experiments was obtained by 

 Doctor liessey for the Department of Agriculture from its native 

 country, being taken from the crop of 1902. 



BUDAPEST. 



The variety Ivuown as Budapest {TriticKm imlgare) is one of the 

 hard winter wheats imported originally from Hungary. It is noAV 

 grown in Michigan and adjoining States with great success. Of 

 all the varieties imported from Hungary, Budapest has proved the 

 best. It is Avell suited for cultivation in the North Central States, 

 including ^Michigan, Illinois, Indiana, Ohio, western Xew York, 

 Kentucky, and perhai)s farther south. It is a bearded wheat, with 

 white chaff and red, medium hard grain. It is a success only in 

 regions with a fairly large rainfall. 



KUBANKA. 



The two varieties of durum wheat {Tritlciim dufui/i), Kubanka 

 and Maraouani, were selected outside of the species vvlgare in order 

 to find types grown under extremely arid conditions. The seed of 

 Kubanka was obtained originally from Russia. The seed used was 

 of the fourth generation grown in the United States and should 

 show something of the effect of soil and climatic conditions here, 

 provided these differ essentiall}^ from those of the country where it 

 originated. Four years is doubtless sufficient time to acclimatize the 

 variety fairly well. Kubanka is grown in an extensive area of 

 eastern Europe and western Asia, especially along the Volga River. 

 The best Kubanka is found east of the Volga, on the border of the 

 Kirghiz Steppe. It is about the oi\\y variety found along the Sibe- 

 rian border, where it is impossible to grow any ordinary sort because 

 of drought, and is grown extensively by the Turgai and Kirghiz 

 people. The rainfall over this whole region often does not exceed 10 

 inches per annum. The Kubanka variety matures veiy quickl}^, an 

 absolute necessity in a region where the rainfall is very slight and 

 often confined to a small part of the year. Because it is drought- 

 resistant and matures early it is now being grown throughout the 

 Volga territory from Kazan to the Caspian Sea and east to the 

 Kirghiz Steppe and Turkestan. It is a macaroni wheat, and takes 

 its name from Kuban territory. In this country it is best adapted 

 for the northern plains region as far south as Kansas. 



There is little doubt that the varieties Kubanka and Padui, in some 

 regions at least, grow on soil containing considerable salt. Both 

 varieties have become well adapted to the region just north of the 

 Caspian Sea along the Volga liiver. Here salt abounds in great 

 <iuantities. West of the Volga and about 100 miles from tlie Caspian 



