54 WILD MEDICINAL PLANTS OF THE UNITED STATES. 



Pokeweed. See Phytolacca decandra. 



Polar-plant. See Silphium laciniatum. 



Polecat- weed. See Spathyema foetida. 



Polemonium reptans L. Phlox family (Polemoniaceae). 



American Greek valerian; abscess-root; sweetroot; Jacob' s-ladder. 



Native, perennial herb, 12 to 20 inches high, growing Iti woods and damp ground 

 from New York to Minnesota, south to Georgia and Missouri. 



Part used. — Root (nonofficial). 

 Polygala nuttallii T. & G. Milkwort family (Polygalaceae). 



Nuttall's-milkwort; ground-centaury. 

 Slender, erect, annual herb, 6 to 12 inches high, native in dry, sandy soil from 



Massachusetts to North Carolina, west to Alabama and Missouri. 

 Part used. — Herb (nonofficial). 

 Polygala senega L. Milkwort family (Polygalaceae). 



Senega; Seneca snakeroot. 

 Native, perennial herb, 8 to 12 inches high, found in rocky woods and on hillsides 



from New Brunswick and western New England to Minnesota, south to North 



Carolina and Missouri. 

 Part used. — Root (oflBcial). 



Polygonatum biflorum (Walt.) Ell. Lily-of-the-valley family 



( Convallariaceae ) . 



Synonyms. — ConvaUaria bifloraWaAt.; Salomonia hiflora (Walt.) Britton. 



Hairy Solomon' s-seal; smaller Solomon' s-seal. 



Native, perennial herb, 8 inches to 3 feet high, found in woods and thickets 

 from Canada soutli to Florida and Michigan. 



Part used. — Rhizome (nonofficial). 



Polygonatum commutatum (Roem. & Schult. ) Dietr. Lily-of-the-valley family 



( Convallariaceae ) . 



Stfrionyms. — Polygonatum gigantenm Dietr.; Salomonia commutata (Roem. & 



■ Sehiilt. ) Britton. 

 Giant Solomon's-seal; great Solomon' s-seal; smooth Solomon's-seal. 



Native, pei'en'nial herb, 1 to 8 feet high, occurring in moist woods and along 

 streams from Canada to Georgia, west to Louisiana and Utah. 



Part used. — Rhizome (nonofficial). 

 Polygonatum giganteum Dietr. Same as Polygonatum commutatum. 

 Polygonum hydropiper L. Buckwheat family (Polygonaceae). 



Smartweed; water-pepper; biting knotweed; pepper-plant. 



Smooth, annual plant, 8 inches to 2 feet high, naturalized from Europe; common 

 in moist waste places almost throughout North America. 



Part used. — Herb (nonofficial). 



Polygonum punctatum Ell. Buckwheat family (Polygonaceae). 



Dotted smartweed; water-siuartweed. 



Native, annual or perennial herb, found in swamps and other wet places through- 

 out most of North America. 



Part used. — Herb (nonofficial). 

 Polymnia uvedalia L. Aster family ( Asteraceae). 



Yellow bear's-foot; yellow leafcup; uvedalia. 

 Large, native, perennial plant, 3 to 6 feet high ; in ravines and edges of woods 



from New York to Michigan, south to Florida and Texas. 

 Part used. — Root (nonofficial). 



Polypodium Jilix-mas L. Same as Dryopteris filix-mas. 

 Polypodium marginale L. Same as Dryopteris marginalis. 



