S4 The Bulletin. 



RESULTS OF THE EXAMINATION OF ICE CREAJVl 



2c 



11 



'^n^^m £abd ^"' Manufacturer or Wholesaler. ! ^^ail D-Ier^or^Pa^ty Who Sen. 



S354Ice-creaiu, Vanilla.. - . Juo. W. Plumer. Wilmington.. . 



8355| <io E. Denos. WilniinRton 



I 



8356-- -do } tlo - 



8357 do... 1 - . . ..Xanthos Bros., Wilmington 



8358 do- |E. Warren & Son, Wilmingtoi) . 



8359 do --- -.jR. F. Warren, Wilmington 



I 



LEMON EXTRACTS AND LEMON EXTRACT SUBSTITUTES. 



Oil of lemon, from which the extract is made, is produced in 

 Sicily and other Mediterranean countries from the rind of lemons. 

 The best grades are made by simply expressing and clarifying, and 

 the cheaper ones by distilling the oil from the rind. 



The extract, which is a 5 per cent (by volume) solution of the oil 

 in alcohol, colored with lemon peel, is made as follows: Dissolve 

 50 cc. of the oil of lemon in 900 cc. of deodorized alcohol, add the 

 lemon peel and macerate for twenty-four hours ; filter through paper 

 and add, through the filter, enough alcohol to make the volume up to 

 1,000 cc. 



The ingredients from which lemon extract is made cost probably 

 less than one-third of the price at which it is retailed. ISTotwithstand- 

 ing the liberal margin for profit, even when the best materials are 

 used, lemon extract is subject to the grossest forms of adulteration. 

 The cost of the alcohol in a lemon extract is about four-fifths of the 

 total cost of a good extract. That being the case, the manufacturer 

 naturally seeks to reduce the amount of alcohol used; but lemon oil. 

 being almost insoluble in weak alcohol, to reduce the strength of the 

 latter necessarily reduces the amount of lemon oil present. 



Low-grade extracts are often adulterated or reinforced by the addi- 

 tion of such substances as citral. oil of citronella and oil of lemon 



