4 The Bulletin. 



habit, and their behavior in any locality can be counted on with a fair 

 degree of certainty. Some newer varieties, of high quality and 

 exceptional promise, have not yet been widely enough grown to guar- 

 antee their good behavior in all locations. Other varieties have shown 

 themselves to be rather fastidious of location, and give in some situa- 

 tions exceptional results and in others utter failures. To this class 

 belong such fine varieties as Albemarle, Jonathan, Baldwin and Spy. 

 In the preparation of the following lists the idea has been especially 

 to encourage commercial fruit culture. In doing this it has been the 

 aim not to make an extended and exhaustive list of all varieties that 

 are now in cultivation within our borders, but to recommend those 

 which have shown themselves to have the especial excellence that war- 

 rants them displacing other varieties. For this reason growers may 

 be surprised at the absence of certain varieties from these lists. The 

 present lists are the product of many years of work in horticulture, 

 together with the revision of all former lists published by this Depart- 

 ment. A careful comparison of nursery catalogues has been made, 

 and data on varieties collected from over a thousand letters from fruit 

 growers in this State. I beg to acknowledge, also, the valuable sug- 

 gestions on varieties from Prof. H. H. Hume, formerly of this De- 

 partment, and of Prof. F. C. Reimer, of the North Carolina College 

 of Agriculture and Mechanic Arts. 



In the making of these lists of varieties for commercial culture it 

 has been kept in mind that quality should be as high a consideration 

 with commercial varieties as with those for home consumption. These 

 lists may therefore be followed with safety for use in the home 

 orchard and garden. The descriptions of varieties, arranged in 

 alphabetical order, will give intending planters the nature and habits 

 of each variety recommended. As the State of North Carolina ex- 

 tends from the surf of the Atlantic Ocean to a height of over 7,000 

 feet, the highest altitude east of the Rocky Mountains, it naturally 

 divides itself into three horticultural zones. These are defined at the 

 head of the fruit lists as Mountain, Piedmont and Coast. As fruits vary 

 in earliness with altitude, what will be a summer fruit in the coastal 

 region will usually be classed as an autumn fruit in the mountains. 

 In classifying fruits allowance must always be made for altitude. 



The general soil requirements for the succeeding classes of fruit 

 may be briefly catalogued as follows : 



Apples . Rich loams and clays. 



Pears Heavy clays. 



Pl lims Clays and loams. 



Peaches Loose sandy or shaley soils. 



Cherries Deep rich loams. 



G ra p es Well-drained loams. 



Quinces Deep moist loams. 



Pigs Rich moist, sandy loams. 



