64 The Bulletin. 



The Mississippi station found in an experiment conducted there that a ton 

 of cotton seed fed to cattle gave manure worth $0.09; a ton of cotton-seed meal 

 gave manure worth $19.13; a ton of hulls, $2.54; and a ton of Johnson-grass 

 hay, $3.50. Cotton-seed meal was then selling for less than $20, yet the ma- 

 nure resulting from the consumption of a ton was worth $19.13. 



An experiment station found that one acre of soy beans supplied green feed 

 for 10 cows 14.75 days ; one acre of corn supplied green feed for 10 cows 19.11 

 days ; one acre of cowpeas supplied green feed for 10 cows 22.27 days ; one acre 

 of sorghum and cowpeas supplied green feed for 10 cows 34.24 days. The same 

 station found that sorghum and cowpeas from one acre gave 42,948 pounds of 

 green forage, equal to 8,845 pounds air-dry matter containing GG9.39 pounds of 

 protein. Reported yields from eight Southern States exceed these yields by 

 more than 30 per cent. 



The Arkansas station used on one acre a crop of cowpeas and cotton seed, 

 applied directly to the soil as a fertilizer, and secured a profit of $13.61 per 

 acre from a cotton crop that followed. On another acre the cowpea vines and 

 the same quantity of cotton seed were fed to steers and the resulting manure 

 applied to the soil. The profit from the increased weight of the steers and 

 from the cotton crop was $24.57, a difference of $10.96, which would have been 

 lost had the cowpea crop and the cotton seed not been fed. 



The same station has conducted numerous live-stock and soil-improvement 

 experiments, and, without an exception, the growing of cattle and hogs in con- 

 junction with the growing of field crops shows a profitable increase in the yield 

 of the crops and a profit from feeding and grazing the crop. Cotton following 

 corn and peas grazed by the steers gave a yield of 1,675.5 pounds of seed cot- 

 ton, as compared with only 1,049 pounds of seed cotton froin following corn 

 cut for stover. Corn following corn grazed by steers gave a yield of 35.8 

 bushels per acre, and corn following corn removed as stover gave only 21.8 

 bushels per acre. Oats following corn and peas grazed by steers gave 2,200 

 dry matter per acre. When the corn was cut and removed, the yield of dry 

 matter was only 1,012, a decrease of more than 100 per cent. Similar experi- 

 ments were carried on by the same station with peanuts, chufas, soy beans and 

 corn grazed by hogs, with a resulting increase in the yields of crops, amounting 

 to from 22 to 108 per cent, and a satisfactory profit from the hogs. 



The Arkansas station, in various experiments conducted by Bennett, shows 

 that, without an exception, when cattle and hogs were grown in wise associa- 

 tion with common Southern field crops, the result was profit in three counts : 

 First, the crops were grown with profit; second, the cattle and hogs were fed 

 with a profit; third, the fertility of the land was rapidly increased without 

 cost. These experiments were executed without the use of commercial fer- 

 tilizers, and the hogs, with only an average daily gain of 1.15 and 1.31 pounds, 

 produced pork at a low cost of 1% cents per pound. Grazing tests made by 

 this station show that land which will produce 25 bushels of corn per acre will, 

 in peanuts, produce 1,252 pounds of pork per acre and leave the soil in an 

 improved condition of fertility. Hundreds of such incidents might be cited 

 from various experiment station reports and from the agricultural press. 

 Few men will deny that rotation and diversification are cardinal bases of suc- 

 cessful agriculture, and that rational rotation and diversification cannot be 

 practiced unless the production of live stock enters largely into every farming 

 system. When the States of the West and the Northwest discovered that the 

 continuous growing of wheat and corn was draining their lands of fertility, 

 they resorted to the live-stock industries, and now they supply the world with 

 not only grain, but animal products, and their soil is again rich and their peo- 

 ple rich. 



On January 1, 1906, North Carolina had 282,600 milch cows, valued at $24. 



On January 1, 1906, North Carolina had 445.954 other cattle, valued at $12. 



On January 1, 1900, Ohio had 719,100 milch cows, valued at $34. 



On January 1, 1906, Ohio had 1,105,3S0 other cattle, valued at $22. 



On January 1, 1906, North Carolina had 223,965 sheep, producing 871,250 

 pounds of wool. 



On January 1, 1906, Ohio had 1,S50,000 sheep, producing 11,562,500 pounds 

 of wool. 



On January 1, 1906, North Carolina sheep averaged 4.25 per cent of wool. 



