The following desc'rii)li()iis of llio l)y-j)ro(liicts from the niilliniz: of 

 oats ai'C taken ])artly from the descriptions furnished the autlior by a 

 prominent manufaeturer. The analyses were made on samples sent by 

 [\w manufacturers. 



W/idle Oats. — Analysis: Pi'otein 11.63 per cent; fat 5.15 ])er cent; 

 fiber 9.91 per cent; nitrogen-free extract 61.25 per cent; water 8.72 

 per cent ; ash 3.34 per cent. 



Oat hulls consist of the outer covering of the oat grain. Analysis: 

 Protein 2.63 per cent; fat 1.08 per cent; fiber 31.49 per cent; nitrogen- 

 free extract 53.83 per cent ; water 5.64 per cent ; ash 5.33 per cent. 



Oat middlings consist of the finer particles of the oat groat that are 

 broken off or sifted out in the process of manufacturing rolled oats. 

 Analysis: Protein 16.44 per cent; fat 8.93 per cent; fiber 1.64 per cent; 

 nitrogen-free extract 64.39 per cent; water 7.60 per cent; ash 3.00 per 

 cent. 



Nubbins or heads consist of the portion that comes off in the clipping 

 of the oat. They include the small"tnds of the groat and also a small 

 ])Ortion of the gnd of the hull. Analysis: Protein 16.88 per cent; fat 

 6.82 per cent; fiber 4.58 per cent; nitrogen-free extract 61.92 per cent; 

 water 6.42 per cent ; ash 3.38 per cent. 



Dust is the silken ends or hairs that grow at the end of the groat and 

 are taken off in the course of manufacture. Analysis : Protein 14.00 

 per cent; fat 6.23 per cent; fiber 16.52 per cent; nitrogen-free extract 

 50.94 per cent ; Avater 6.30 per cent ; ash 6.01 per cent. 



From these analyses it will be seen that the hulls have very little value 

 as a feed, while the other products are comparatively rich in the nutri- 

 tive elements, being high in protein and fat and low in fiber. 



These by-products are i)ut on the market in the form of oat feeds, 

 which are mixtures of the several by-products in varying proportions 

 according to the quality of the feed that the manufacturer wishes to 

 make, and they are also used to a- considerable extent in mixed feeds, 

 usually sold under a trade name, where they are mixed with alfalfa 

 meal, cracked corn, corn meal, etc. 



BICE PRODUCTS. 



The by-products from the milling of rice consist of hulls, bran and 

 polish. 



Rice Hvlls. — Rice hulls are the outer coating of the rice grain. They 

 are composed principally of fibrous material, with a large amount of 

 mineral matter, and are worthless as a feed. The hulls are found to 

 some extent in rice meal and bran, and when present in any considerable 

 amount are considered as an adulterant. For analyses, see adulterants. 



Rice Bran. — Rice bran is the thin coating of the grain. lying next to 

 the hull. 



Average analysis: Protein 12.10 per cent; fat 8.80 per cent; fiber 

 9.50 per cent; nitrogen-free extract 49.90 per cent; water 9.70 per cent; 

 ash 10.00 per cent.-f 



Rice Polish. — After the hulls and bran have be^n removed the rice 

 grains are polished before being put on the market. This process re- 



