158 AMERICAN SPIDERS AND THEIR SPINNINGWORK. 



bristles, double rows of spines are on the under side of the femora, longer and stronger on 

 the sides. Tibia-II is curved, and its apical joint (Fig. 2a) provided with strong, thick, 

 black clasping spines, with several strong ordinarj' spines ; also a decided conical projection 

 or tooth with a corneous tip, which, from the indentation thereon, would appear to be the 

 seat of a strong spine. A strong curved spur marks the apex of coxa-I, next the tro- 

 chanter ; coxa-II has a toothed cone on the middle of the base ; coxa-IV a toothed cone 

 on the base underneath. The abdomen is very heavily covered with bristlelike hairs, 

 which are arranged in a heavy tuft upon the base. The ocular quad appears to be rela- 

 tively a little longer than in the female, presenting thus more the figure of a rectangle 

 than a square. The palpal digit (Fig. 2b) is dark brown, and distinguished by a palm 

 shaped claw projecting from the side outward. 



Distribution : I have a female of this beautiful species from Salt Lake, Utah (Professor 

 0. Howard), and a male from Wisconsin (Professor Peckham), and from California (Mr. 

 Curtis). Dr. Marx has a specimen from the District of Columbia. Professor Packard 

 found a specimen as far north as Labrador. Emerton collected it on Mt. Washington, 

 N. H. , where it is common along the large slopes of Bear Rock ; and it has been found 

 on Mt. Lincoln, in the Rocky Mountains. It is a European species which prevails among 

 the Alps. 



No. 1 6. Epeira carbonarioides Keyserling. Plate V., Fig 9. 



1892. Epeira carbonarioides, Keyserling. Spinnen Amerikas, Epeiridse, p. 206, tab. x., 152. 



Female : Total length (two specimens), 10 (8) mm. ; abdomen, 5.5 (5.2) mm. long by 4.5 

 (3.6) mm. wide ; cephalothorax, 4.5 (3.2) mm. long by 3 (2.7) mm. wide. Under the above 

 name Count Keyserling has described a species from Western Xorth America which strongly 

 resembles Epeira carbonaria. His description does not distinctly indicate the differences 

 between the two, and at this writing Plate X. of his work upon which this species is 

 figured is not in hand. I am somewhat doubtful whether the integrity of the species can 

 be maintained, having but a single pair, but it is a good variety at least, as indicated by the 

 following differences : In Carbonarioides the ocular quad is slightly wider behind than in 

 front, while in Carbonaria the relative lengths are reversed, the front being, if anything, the 

 wider. The female is not so heavily covered with strong gray bristles as Carbonaria, partic- 

 ularly upon the cephalothorax and around the face, though this may be an individual differ- 

 ence. The brown annuli upon the legs of Carbonarioides are much wiiler relatively than 

 upon specimens of Carbonaria observed by me ; so much so that the joints appear dark 

 brown with narrow yellow annuli, rather than yellow with brown annuli. The epigynum 

 of Carbonarioides, though resembling that of Carbonaria in the single specimen in hand, is 

 much narrower at the base, and, indeed, is relatively smaller throughout. The dorsal folium 

 also differs somewhat, though this may well be an individual difference. In the male the 

 palpal organs appear to show decided difference ; tibia-II of Carbonarioides appears to be 

 relatively longer, not so much thickened at the apex, and scarcely so numerously provided 

 with heavy denticulate spines. The coxfe of C'arbonarioides, male, are distinguished by 

 strong spurs and cones ; the spurs upon the ai>ical margin next the trochanter of coxse-I, 

 II, III, IV, strongest in I. The cones appear, at the bases of coxa3-I, where they are low 

 down and directed towards coxre-II ; on II, upon the lower surface, directed downward ; 

 and in the same position on III ; on IV it is low down and directed toward coxre-III. 

 The maxillae are also distinguished by slight protuberances or swellings upon the inner 

 margin. 



Cephalothorax : Corselet a rounded oval, somewhat narrower toward the front ; suf- 

 ficiently high ; caput not depressed ; the fosse a semicircular pit ; corselet grooves not prom- 

 inent ; cephalic suture distinct ; the whole a glossy yellowish brown, the caput being yellow ; 

 surface not heavily pubescent, but some gray hairs on the caput (the imbescence in the 

 alcoholic specimen has evidently been partly worn off). The sternum shield shaped, some- 



