ENEMIES AND THEIR INFLUENCE. 381 



conditions, and many as had been my inducements to do so, an excessive 



aversion from all liins had, nevertheless, been instilled into me by my 



father. This feeling had rooted itself firmly in him on his trav- 



Goethe gjg tJn-ough Italy, France, and Germany. Although he seldom 

 on Robber , . . -". ,' i, , .1 , ,. -n , , 



WasDS spoke ni images, and only called them to his aid when he was 



very cheerful, yet he used often to repeat that he always fancied 

 he saw a great cobweb spun across the gate of an Inn so ingeniously 

 that the insects could indeed fly in, but that even the privileged wasp 

 could not fly out again unplucked." But the number of those who, hav- 

 ing observed the scathless incursions of "the privileged was})" into cob- 

 web domains, also know the purj>ose thereof, is exceedingly small. Yet it 

 is inspired by one of the most common and interesting instincts in the 

 insect world. 



If we follow the wasp a little space backward from her cobweb raid, we 

 shall see her fluttering over the muddy margin of pond, puddle, or stream. 

 She is seeking mortar, which, gathered between her mandibles, she carries 

 away through the air. Following her flight, we find her engaged upon the 

 broken face of a cliff, the rugose surface of a wall, or the rough lioards 

 or beams in angle or cornice of some house, stable, or 

 outbuilding. She carefully spreads her mortar, smooths 

 it, rounds and arches it, until, after many successive 

 visits to the mud bed, she has built a cell about an 

 inch long and three-eighths to half an inch thick. 

 (Fig. 323.) The middle of this cell is a hollow cylinder, 

 within which the mother wasp, for such the little ma- 

 sou is, deposits a single egg. It is at this jioint that 

 the raids upon spider webs begin. The egg in course 

 of time is to become a ravenous, flesh eating worm, an 

 arachnophagous larva ; a soft, legless, whitish maggot, 



with a somewhat horny hea.l and a strong paii^ of ^^^Zj:!:'" 

 jaws, but no other weapons whatever. The food wliicii 

 Nature foreordains for it is living spiders, and those spiders tlic mother 

 proceeds to cai^ture and entoml) within her mud daub nursery. On this 

 errand she may be seen hawking over and near cobwebs of various sorts, 

 venturing within the meshed and beaded snares that prove fatal to most 

 incomers, and sometimes even to herself. She rarely fails in her errand. 

 If the aranead occupant, expectant of prey, sallies forth to seize the in- 

 truder, it finds itself a captive, not a captor. For the wasp shakes the 

 silken filaments from feet and wings, turns upon the spider, seizes and 

 stings it, bears it to her cell, and thrusts it therein. 



She does not limit her hawking to cobwebs, but flutters over flowers, 

 burrows among leaves, creeps with nervous, twitching tread along branches 

 of trees, wherever spiders dwell or hunt, and with relentless cunning, zeal, 

 and ferocity snatches those creatures away to add to the growing store 



