RESULTS IN SEVERAL ORCHARDS. 29 



directions of the Rureaii of Phuit Industry, and the writer was able to 

 see the work in progress from time to time and to note the results. 



The treatment consisted of eii^ht applications of Bordeaux mixture, 

 correspond i no- very closely to Plot 5 of the experiment, with the 

 omission of the fourth application (June \'2). and the results ai)i)eared 

 to be eipially as oood as those obtainetl in that plot (9t).6 per cent of 

 sound fruit). The conuuercial spraying was done with the same outfit 

 and the same men employed in the experimental work and usually 

 beuan the dav after that work was completed. 



The results of this treatment are set forth \cry clearly in a letter 

 from Mr. (Joodwin to the writer under date of November a, 1H05, 

 as follows: 



Replying to your favor of November 1, I have to say that in aci-nrdanre with your 

 directions 1 sprayed the major ]iortion of my orchardof AllH'marU- I'ippins eight times, 

 l>eginning the appHaitions on tiie following dates: April 9, I\Iay 2, May 10, .lune 28, 

 July 11, .Inly 2(i, August 10, and August 2(5. The portion of the orchard thus 

 sprayed had practically no l)itter-rot — perhaps not more than 2 per cent. On the 

 other hand, the fruit on some 2.10 trees which could not be sprayed owing to steepness 

 (if land and lack of water wa-s almost entirely lost from the bitter-rot. The crop on 

 this portion of the orchard was estimated at about 800 barrels; but at picking time 

 there were no No. I's, and only \'U barrels of No. 2's (nearly all of which w»'re more 

 or less specked) were gathered. 



I am fully convinced that the bitter-rot may be almost entirely prevented l)y 

 proper spraying with Bordeaux mi.xture, and in my oiiinion the establishment of 

 this fact has reclaimed the jiijipin industry in Virginia. The last two crops were 

 entirely lost from bitter-rot, whereas the cro[) the present year was saved by^^^ray- 

 ing. My trees are from 12 to 2.3 years old, and averaged about 8 barrels per tree. 

 The trees were very thoroughly sprayed, costing for the eight applications about 30 

 cents per tree. 



The orchard referred to was examined from time to time during the 

 season, and on July 10 a few apples affected with bitter-rot were found, 

 perhaps an average of less than one to each tree in the sprayed portion, 

 and slightly more on unsprayed trees. By August 21, T5 per cent of 

 the crop on u]ost of the unsprayed trees was destroyed, and the fruit 

 out of reach of the spray on the topmost branches of some of the tallest 

 trees in the sprayed portion was ])adly affected, while all trees properly 

 treated showed practically no rot. On a certain steep hillside the .end 

 tree in each row could be sprayed only on one side, resulting in a full 

 crop of sound fruit on the sprayed half of the tree, while practically 

 all of the fruit rotted on the other half. 



Mr. William B. MacGregor, of Avon, Va., whose orchard is adjacent 

 to the Goodwin orchard, sprayed his trees very thoroughly and per- 

 sistently throughout the season, and was rewarded with a magniticent 

 crop of almost perfect fruit. The writer had opportunities to visit 

 this orchard while the spraying work was being done, and also at 

 picking time. The course of treatment and sunnnary of results are 



